A case of chemical pneumonia due to the fumes of nitric acid and chemical compounds were encoundtered, and itis reported with review of literatures. A 19 years old Korean male working in an electric material manufacturingfactory of poor facility dealing with chemical compounds showed initial symptoms closely similar to those ofpulmonary tuberculosis of hematogeneous disseminating type, and a roentgenogram was hardly helpful fordifferentiating chemical pneumonia from pulmonary tuberculosis of hematogeneous disseminating type. The clinicalcourse i this case was very favourable as compared with those of pulmonary tuberculosis and bacterial pneumonia.