This study represents the radiographic analysis of 50 cases of the hyaline membrane disease of nature, whowere dlivered in Ewha Womans University Hospital during Jan. 1969 to Dec. 1970 Jan. 1972 to July, 1975. Theresults obtained as follows : Classification of Stage (Classified by Wolfson's Criteria) Stage Incident rateMotality rate Stage I 16% 0% Stage II 42" 9.5" Stage III 16" 50" Stage IV 26" 77" Total 100 32 Rate Incident rateof hyaline membrane disease is 7.65% of premature, 0.52% of all live birth. Male : Female = 2.1:1 Normal delivery: C-section = 4.5:1 1.5-2kg group : 2-2.5kg group = 2.1:1 This experience suggests that chest roentgenogramobtained by early onset of disease, and staging Wolfson's criteria of the premature with clinical symptomes of thehyaline membrane disease, becomes a nearly ideal tool for the diagnosis and its prognosis, and the importance ofhyaline membrane disease in premature.