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Abstract
Purpose
Allergic diseases have been increasing worldwide over the past few decades. Allergic sensitization is a pivotal risk factor for the development of allergic diseases. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in allergic sensitization patterns of aeroallergens over the last 10 years in children with respiratory allergic diseases.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 12,848 children under the age of 18 years who received skin prick tests (n=3,852) or serum specific IgE tests (n=8,996) to evaluate sensitization from 2007 to 2016 in a single center, Seoul, Korea.
Results
Sensitization rate to house dust mite (Dermatophagoides farinae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus) reached a plateau in preschool (28.3%–32.8%) and schoolchildren (45.8%–47.2%). Sensitization rate to animal dander (cat and dog) was increasing from 8.4% to 12.5% in preschool children and from 10.3% to 18.6% in schoolchildren (trend P<0.001 each). In preschool children, tree (birch, oak, and alder; from 3.5% to 6.4%), grass (timothy; from 0.8% to 6.5%), weed (ragweed and mugwort; from 2.8% to 6.9%) pollens and mold (Alternaria; from 2.5% to 6.0%) were also in similar increasing pattern (trend P =0.001, P <0.001, P =0.003, and P<0.001, respectively). Additionally, tree (from 9.0% to 15.2%), grass (from 2.6% to 5.2%) pollens were also in increasing pattern in schoolchildren (trend P<0.001 and P=0.024, respectively).
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Fig. 1.
Changes of sensitization rate to house dust mite (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae), animal (cat and dog) dander, tree (birch, oak, and alder), grass (timothy), and weed (ragweed and mugwort) pollens, and mold (alternaria) by years from 2007 to 2016 in preschool (A) and schoolchildren (B).
Fig. 2.
Changing patterns of single and multiple sensitization rates from 2007 to 2016 in preschool (A) and schoolchildren (B).
Table 1.
Characteristics of subjects
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