Congenital syphilis is transmitted throuth the placenta by the infected mother after 16 weeks of gestation.Since the incidence of syphilis is again on the increase, syphilis remanis at the present time a public problem ofmajor and increasing proportions. Recently, congenital syphilis has different formas of presentation. The authorsobserved clinically and radiologically 27 cases of congenital syphilis in the neonates and infants treated at thepediatric ward of Chonnam National University Hsopital from Jan. 1977 to Mar. 1982. The results are as follows; 1.The number of observed patients was 27 cases, 22 cases in male, 5 cases in female. 2. Onset of first clinicalsymptoms and signs was within the 4th week life in 14 cases (52%), 1-2 months in 6 cases (22%), 2-3 months in 4cases (15%), 3-4 months in 3 cases (11%). All cases was within 6 months. 3. The order of the frequency of commonclinical manifestations was hepatomegaly (96%). splenomegaly (78%), skin lesions(63%), anemia(63%), nasalsnuffle(56%). 4. Of 11 cases with known birth weight, 10 cases were low birth weight. 5. The serologic test (VDRLslide test) of 27 tested cases revealed reactive response in 26 cases, nonreactive response in 1 case, and that ofsyphilitic mothers except one revealed reactive in 23 cases, non-reactive in 3 cases. 6. Roentgenographicsyphilitic bonychanges were detected in 26 cases (96%), of 27 studied cases, Osteochondritis was present in 24cases (89%), periostitis in 21 cases (78%), osteomyelitis in 11 cases(41%). 7. The most common sites affected wereas follows. Radius and ulna were the most frequently affected, the next were in order of tibia and fibula.Considering osteochondiritis only, the distal end of radius and ulna(78% respectively) and proximal end of tibia(67%) were the most frequently affected sites, the proximal en of femur (33%) was least frequently affected site.8. On chest films of 27 cases, osseous chanages(Mainly periostitis) of clavicle were noted in 14 cases and thoseof rib in 2 cases.