Salivary alpha-amylase as a stress biomarker in diseased dogs

Hwa-Ran Hong; Ye-In Oh; Young Jun Kim; Kyoung-Won Seo

doi:10.4142/jvs.2019.20.e46

Journal List > J Vet Sci > v.20(5) > 1134040

Go to TopGo to Top Go to BottomGo to Bottom

TOOLS

Hong, Oh, Kim, and Seo: Salivary alpha-amylase as a stress biomarker in diseased dogs

Short Communication Internal Medicine

J Vet Sci 2019;20(5):e46.

Published online: 4 September 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2019.20.e46

Salivary alpha-amylase as a stress biomarker in diseased dogs

Hwa-Ran Hong¹, Ye-In Oh¹, Young Jun Kim², Kyoung-Won Seo^1,^*

¹Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea

²BioMedIT Group, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon 34129, Korea

^*Corresponding author: Kyoung-Won Seo Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea. E-mail: kwseo@cnu.ac.kr

Received 18 May 2019 Revised 16 July 2019 Accepted 26 July 2019

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) is a stress biomarker in human diseases, but there are no reports of sAA measurements in diseased dogs. This study measured the sAA and serum alpha-amylase (AA) levels in 16 healthy dogs and 31 diseased dogs using a kinetic enzyme assay to assess the stress status. The sAA and serum AA levels were significantly higher in the diseased dogs than in healthy dogs (p < 0.05), but there was no correlation between the 2 groups (r = 0.251, p = 0.089). This suggests that sAA can be useful as a stress biomarker in diseased dogs.

Keywords: Alpha-amylase, dogs, saliva, serum, stress

References

1. Rohleder N, Nater UM. Determinants of salivary α-amylase in humans and methodological considerations. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2009; 34:469–485.

2. Baum BJ. Principles of saliva secretion. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1993; 694:17–23.

3. McEwen BS, Bowles NP, Gray JD, Hill MN, Hunter RG, Karatsoreos IN, Nasca C. Mechanisms of stress in the brain. Nat Neurosci. 2015; 18:1353–1363.

4. Thoma MV, Kirschbaum C, Wolf JM, Rohleder N. Acute stress responses in salivary alpha-amylase predict increases of plasma norepinephrine. Biol Psychol. 2012; 91:342–348.

5. Takai N, Yamaguchi M, Aragaki T, Eto K, Uchihashi K, Nishikawa Y. Effect of psychological stress on the salivary cortisol and amylase levels in healthy young adults. Arch Oral Biol. 2004; 49:963–968.

6. Fuentes-Rubio M, Fuentes F, Otal J, Quiles A, Hevia ML. Validation of an assay for quantification of alpha-amylase in saliva of sheep. Can J Vet Res. 2016; 80:197–202.

7. Contreras-Aguilar MD, Tecles F, Martínez-Subiela S, Escribano D, Bernal LJ, Cerón JJ. Detection and measurement of alpha-amylase in canine saliva and changes after an experimentally induced sympathetic activation. BMC Vet Res. 2017; 13:266.

8. Koh D, Ng V, Naing L. Alpha amylase as a salivary biomarker of acute stress of venepuncture from periodic medical examinations. Front Public Health. 2014; 2:121.

9. Noto Y, Sato T, Kudo M, Kurata K, Hirota K. The relationship between salivary biomarkers and state-trait anxiety inventory score under mental arithmetic stress: a pilot study. Anesth Analg. 2005; 101:1873–1876.

10. Yigla M, Berkovich Y, Nagler RM. Oxidative stress indices in COPD–Broncho-alveolar lavage and salivary analysis. Arch Oral Biol. 2007; 52:36–43.

11. Aydin S. A comparison of ghrelin, glucose, alpha-amylase and protein levels in saliva from diabetics. J Biochem Mol Biol. 2007; 40:29–35.

12. Vangipuram S, Jha A, Bhashyam M. The diagnostic applications of saliva- a review. IOSR J Dent Med Sci. 2016; 15:96–101.

13. Mandal N, Bhattacharjee M, Chattopadhyay A, Bandyopadhyay D. Point-of-care-testing of α-amylase activity in human blood serum. Biosens Bioelectron. 2019; 124–125:75–81.

Fig. 1.

Relationship between the sAA and serum AA in all dogs. No correlation was observed between the alpha-amylase activities of the serum and saliva according to Spearman correlation analysis (r = 0.251, p = 0.089). sAA, salivary alpha-amylase; AA, alpha-amylase.

Table 1.

Alpha-amylase activity (U/L) in the saliva and serum samples from healthy and diseased dogs analyzed using an enzyme kit

Samples	Healthy dogs	Diseased dogs	p value
Saliva	37.25 (15.40–52.68)	72.71 (57.15–122.06)	< 0.05
Serum	725.995 (501.79–870.92)	942.97 (776.34–1,121.14)	< 0.05

Significant differences were expressed as p values by comparing the group of healthy dogs with that of diseased dogs using the Mann-Whitney U test.

TOOLS

Similar articles