Relationship between the Change in Body Weight or Body Mass Index and Pulmonary Function

Taeyoung Kim; Jeonghyun Woo; Woohyun Lee; Seonkyung Jo; Hyejin Chun

doi:10.15384/kjhp.2019.19.2.91

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Kim, Woo, Lee, Jo, and Chun: Relationship between the Change in Body Weight or Body Mass Index and Pulmonary Function

Original Article

Korean Journal of Health Promotion 2019; 19(2): 91-95.

Published online: 30 June 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15384/kjhp.2019.19.2.91

Relationship between the Change in Body Weight or Body Mass Index and Pulmonary Function

Taeyoung Kim, Jeonghyun Woo, Woohyun Lee, Seonkyung Jo, Hyejin Chun

Department of Family Medicine, Bundang CHA Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea.

Corresponding author : Hyejin Chun, MD, PhD. Department of Family Medicine, Bundang CHA Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13496, Korea. Tel: +82-31-780-5360, Fax: +82-31-780-5944, hyejinchun@chamc.co.kr

Received 11 June 2019 Revised 9 July 2019 Accepted 9 July 2019

Korean Society for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

(open-access, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/):

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Background

Obesity and deterioration of pulmonary function are known to increase all-cause mortality and morbidity associated with chronic diseases. Obesity is a known risk factor for decreasing pulmonary function; however, studies on the effect of changes in body weight or body mass index (BMI) on pulmonary function are rare. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the change in body weight or BMI and the pulmonary function test (PFT) in Koreans who underwent consecutive screening at a health promotion center.

Methods

We enrolled 5,032 patients who underwent consecutive screening health check-ups at a health promotion center in 2015 and 2017. The BMI was calculated as the body weight (kg) divided by the square of the height (m²) in 2015 and 2017. We analyzed the association between the change in body weight or BMI and PFT.

Results

In males, PFT and changes in body weight were associated with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁) but not with changes in BMI. In females, FEV₁/forced vital capacity and forced expiratory flow between 25–75% of vital capacity (FEF_25−75%) were significantly associated with the changes in body weight and BMI. A correlation analysis between body weight and BMI showed a negative correlation with FEF_25−75% in males. In females, FEV₁/FVC and FEF_25−75% were negatively correlated.

Conclusions

We observed that the increase in body weight and BMI was significantly associated with pulmonary function. This finding suggests that careful monitoring of body weight and BMI may aid in maintaining proper pulmonary function, thereby, reducing mortality and morbidity.

Keywords: Obesity, Pulmonary function tests, Body mass index, Body weight

Figures and Tables

Table 1

The baseline characteristics and pulmonary function test variables of the study subjects

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation.

Table 2

The partial correlation between difference in body weight and pulmonary function test

Abbreviations: FEF_25–75%, forced expiratory flow between 25–75% of vital capacity; FEV₁, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC, forced vital capacity; r, partial correlation coefficient adjusted by age; ΔFEF_25–75%, the difference in FEF_25–75% of 2015 and 2017 that except negative value; ΔFEV₁, the difference in FEV₁ of 2015 and 2017 that except negative value; ΔFEV₁/FVC, the difference in FEV₁/FVC of 2015 and 2017 that except negative value; ΔFVC, the difference in FVC of 2015 and 2017 that except negative value; ΔWt., the difference in body weight of 2015 and 2017 that except negative value.

Table 3

The partial correlation between difference in body mass index and pulmonary function test

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; FEF_25–75%, forced expiratory flow between 25–75% of vital capacity; FEV₁, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC, forced vital capacity; r, partial correlation coefficient adjusted by age; ΔBMI, the difference in BMI of 2015 and 2017 that except negative value; ΔFEF_25–75%, the difference in FEF_25–75% of 2015 and 2017 that except negative value; ΔFEV₁, the difference in FEV₁ of 2015 and 2017 that except negative value; ΔFEV₁/FVC, the difference in FEV₁/FVC of 2015 and 2017 that except negative value; ΔFVC, the difference in FVC of 2015 and 2017 that except negative value.

Table 4

Association between difference in body weight and pulmonary function test

Abbreviations: (−) group, the negative value of difference in body weight of 2015 and 2017; (+) group, the positive value of difference in body weight of 2015 and 2017; FEF_25–75%, forced expiratory flow between 25–75% of vital capacity; FEV₁, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC, forced vital capacity; ΔWt., the difference in body weight of 2015 and 2017.

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation.

Table 5

Association between difference in body mass index and pulmonary function test

Abbreviations: (−) group, the negative value of difference in BMI of 2015 and 2017; (+) group, the positive value of difference BMI of 2015 and 2017; BMI, body mass index; FEF_25–75%, forced expiratory flow between 25–75% of vital capacity; FEV₁, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC, forced vital capacity; ΔBMI, the difference in BMI of 2015 and 2017.

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation.

Notes

This study was supported by a research grant from Agriculture Science & Technology Development (Project No. PJ011253062018) of Rural Development Administration, Repulic of Korea.

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