Mediating Effects of Self-efficacy between Calling and Nursing Professionalism for Nurses in General Hospitals

Hyewon Kim; Sujeong Han

doi:10.11111/jkana.2019.25.3.220

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Kim and Han: Mediating Effects of Self-efficacy between Calling and Nursing Professionalism for Nurses in General Hospitals

Original Article

J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2019;25(3):220-228.

Published online: 17 January 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2019.25.3.220

Mediating Effects of Self-efficacy between Calling and Nursing Professionalism for Nurses in General Hospitals

Hyewon Kim¹, Sujeong Han²

¹Seoul Women's College of Nursing

²College of Nursing, Konyang University

Corresponding author: Han, Sujeong College of Nursing Science, Konyang University, 158 Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35365, Korea. Tel: +82-42-600-8561, Fax: +82-42-600-8555, E-mail: sjhan@konyang.ac.kr

Received 15 February 2019 Revised 31 March 2019 Accepted 10 April 2019

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose:

This study was done to identify the mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationships between calling and nursing professionalism for nurses in general hospitals.

Methods:

Participants were 119 nurses in general hospitals. A survey was used and data were collected in April 2018. Data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS/WIN 22.0 program.

Results:

The significant predictors for the nursing professionalism of nurses were self-efficacy (β=.61) and clinical career in current hospital (β=-.21). These variables explained 42% of the variance in nursing professionalism of nurses. Also, self-efficacy had a total mediating effect on the relationship between calling and nursing professionalism.

Conclusion:

Findings indicate that calling and self-efficacy are important factors for nursing professionalism of nurses in general hospitals.

Keywords: Nurses, Calling, Self-efficacy, Nursing professionalism

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Figure 1.

Conceptual framework.

Table 1.

Differences in Calling, Self-efficacy and Nursing Professionalism according to Participants’ General Characteristics (N=119)

Characteristics	Categories	n (%) or M±SD	Calling		Self-effficacy		Nursing professionalism
Characteristics	Categories	n (%) or M±SD	M±SD	t or F (p)	M±SD	t or F (p)	M±SD	t or F (p)
Total			3.22±0.56		3.53±0.54		3.40±0.69
Gender	Female	107 (89.9)	3.17±0.65	-4.16	3.51±0.55	-1.08	3.35±0.67	-2.43
	Male	12 (10.1)	3.65±0.33	(＜.001)	3.70±0.52	(.282)	3.86±0.75	(.016)
Age (year)	≤25^a 26~30^b ≥31^c	13 (10.9) 51 (42.9) 55 (46.2)	3.02±0.47 2.99±0.56 3.48±0.65	10.08 (＜.001) a, b＜c	3.47±0.51 3.39±0.62 3.68±0.44	3.90 (.023)	3.41±0.62 3.32±0.75 3.47±0.65	0.62 (.573)
		31.52±4.87
Marital status	Single	69 (58.0)	3.13±0.57	-1.85	3.46±0.58	-1.74	3.40±0.74	-0.00
	Married	50 (42.0)	3.35±0.70	(.066)	3.64±0.47	(.084)	3.40±0.62	(.995)
Education	Diploma	33 (27.7)	3.10±0.66	3.14	3.41±0.71	1.86	3.36±0.88	0.10
degree	Bachelor Master	79 (66.4) 7 (5.9)	3.22±0.61 3.76±0.70	(.047) a＜c	3.56±0.46 3.82±0.39	(.159)	3.41±0.62 3.47±0.53	(.900)
Religion	Yes No	58 (48.7) 61 (51.3)	3.42±0.64 3.03±0.61	3.47 (.001)	3.556±0.59 3.51±0.50	0.40 (.689)	3.44±0.75 3.36±0.64	0.64 (.523)
Current work unit	General units Special units	61 (51.3) 58 (48.7)	3.10±0.57 3.35±0.68	-2.16 (.033)	3.44±0.59 3.63±0.48	-1.82 (.071)	3.25±0.66 3.56±0.70	-2.44 (.016)
Position	Staff nurse^a Charge nurse^b Head nurse^c	81 (68.1) 22 (18.5) 16 (13.4)	3.10±0.61 3.31±0.58 3.73±0.62	7.47 (.001) a＜c	3.43±0.55 3.69±0.53 3.85±0.35	5.22 (.007) a＜c	3.28±0.69 3.59±0.78 3.77±0.35	4.45 (.014) a＜c
Clinical career in current work unit (year)	＜ 1^a 1~3^b ＞3^c	16 (13.4) 51 (42.9) 52 (43.7)	3.40±0.68 3.13±0.58 3.24±0.67	1.78 (.172)	3.61±0.52 3.49±0.61 3.55±0.49	0.34 (.713)	3.79±0.74 3.20±0.68 3.48±0.63	5.33 (.006) a＞b
		3.67±3.14

Table 2.

Correlation among Nursing Professionalism, Self-efficacy and Calling (N=119)

Variables	Nursing professionalism	Self-efficacy	Calling
Variables	r (p)	r (p)	r (p)
Nursing professionalism	1
Self-efficacy	.62 (＜.001)	1
Calling	.50 (＜.001)	.43 (＜.001)	1

Table 3.

Factors Influencing Nursing Professionalism (N=119)

Variables	B	SE	β	t	p
Self-efficacy	0.77	0.89	.61	8.78	＜.001
Clinical career in current unit d1*	-0.29	0.09	-.21	-3.03	.003
		R²=.43 (Adj. R²=.42), F=45.19, p＜.001

*Dummy variables: Clinical career in current hospital (＜1=0, 1~3=d1, ＞3=d2).

Table 4.

Mediating Effects of Self-efficacy Between Calling and Nursing Professionalism (N=119)

Variables	B	_β	t	p	Adj. R²	F	p
1. Calling → Self-efficacy	.43	.50	6.31	＜.001	.24	39.92	＜.001
2. Calling → Nursing professionalism	.51	.43	5.18	＜.001	.18	26.91	＜.001
3. Calling → Nursing professionalism	.16	.15	1.88	.062	.40	40.55	＜.001
Self-efficacy → Nursing professionalism	.69	.54	6.65	＜.001
			Sobel test: Z=4.53, p＜.001

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