Journal List > J Korean Acad Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs > v.28(2) > 1128946

Kim: The Moderating Effect of Social Support on the Relationship between Violence Experiences and Violence Responses of Psychiatric Nurses

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify the moderating effect of social support on the relationship between violence experiences and violence responses of psychiatric nurses.

Methods

In this descriptive study, 211 psychiatric nurses were recruited from twelve psychiatric hospitals. A structured self-report questionnaire was used to measure the study variables. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and a series of multiple linear regression analyses based on Baron and Kenny's method with the SPSS 24.0 program.

Results

Violence responses positively correlated with violence experiences (r=.15, p=.031), but negatively correlated with social support (r=−.25, p<.001). Social support was a significant variable on violence responses (β=−.26, p<.001). Social support did not moderate effect (β=−.06, p=.377). However family support was significant in controlling emotional responses to psychiatric nurses' experience of verbal violence (β=−.15, p=.027). Friends support was significant in controlling social responses to psychiatric nurses experienced verbal violence (β=−.14, p=.041).

Conclusion

Our study findings indicate a need to provide social support for preventing and alleviating violence responses of psychiatric nurses.

Figures and Tables

Table 1

Differences in Violence Experiences, Social Support, and Violence Responses according to General Characteristics (N=211)

jkapmhn-28-144-i001
Table 2

Mean Scores for Violence Experiences, Social Support, and Violence Responses (N=211)

jkapmhn-28-144-i002
Table 3

Correlation among Violence Experiences, Social Support, and Violence Responses (N=211)

jkapmhn-28-144-i003
Table 4

Moderating Effect of Social Support in the Relationship between Violence Experiences and Violence Responses (N=211)

jkapmhn-28-144-i004

Reference group: Male, Don't have.

Table 5

Moderating Effect of Sub-social Support in the Relationship between Sub-violence Experiences and Sub-violence Responses (N=211)

jkapmhn-28-144-i005

Reference group: Male, Don't have.

Notes

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST The authors declared no conflict of interest.

References

1. Im SB. From body threats to depression. Psychiatric medical staff ‘suffering’. Newspim [Internet]. cited 2019 Mar 9. Available from: http://www.newspim.com/news/view/20190104000487.
2. Stevenson KN, Jack SM, O'Mara L, LeGris J. Registered nurses' experiences of patient violence on acute care psychiatric inpatient units: an interpretive descriptive study. BMC Nursing. 2015; 14:35. DOI: 10.1186/s12912-015-0079-5.
crossref
3. d'Ettorre G, Pellicani V. Workplace violence toward mental healthcare workers employed in psychiatric wards. Safety and Health at Work. 2017; 8(4):337–342. DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2017.01.004.
4. Kang SJ, Kong KA, Kwak MJ, Kwon YK, Kim SY, Kim JY, et al. A literature review about violence and nursing in psychiatric inpatients. Journal of the Nursing Academic Association of Ewha Womans University. 1997; (30):28–45.
5. Kim DH, Suh TW, Woo JI. Clinical characteristics of violent behaviors of psychiatric inpatients and its predictability. Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association. 1992; 31(3):534–544.
6. Lee YS, Park KC, Shin JH, Han JK. A study of aggressive behaviors in psychiatric closed ward. The Korean Journal of Psychopathology. 2000; 9(1):88–96.
7. Yosep I, Putit Z, Hazmy H, Mediani HS. Exposure of mental health nurses to violence in mental hospital: a systematic review. Padjadjaran Nursing Journal. 2016; 4(3):293–304. DOI: 10.24198/jkp.v4i3.292.
crossref
8. Lanza ML. Assault response questionnaire. Issues in Mental Health Nursing. 1988; 9(1):17–29. DOI: 10.3109/01612848809140907.
crossref
9. Hsieh HF, Wang HH, Shen SH, Li YC. Predictors of depressive symptoms among psychiatric nurses who suffered from workplace violence. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2018; 74(2):425–432. DOI: 10.1111/jan.13451.
crossref
10. Inoue M, Tsukano K, Muraoka M, Kaneko F, Okamura H. Psychological impact of verbal abuse and violence by patients on nurses working in psychiatric departments. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences. 2006; 60(1):29–36. DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1819.2006.01457.x.
crossref
11. Yeo HJ. Predictors of posttraumatic stress in psychiatric nurses. Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing. 2017; 26(3):125–132. DOI: 10.5807/kjohn.2017.26.3.125.
12. Jang SJ. Relationship between experience of patients' violent behaviors and burnout of psychiatric nurses [master's thesis]. [Seoul]: Seoul National University;2004. 76.
13. Kim MH, Kim HN, Shin YM, Oh HM, Lee JS. Violence experiences of community mental health nurse. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society. 2015; 16(12):8626–8636. DOI: 10.5762/KAIS.2015.16.12.8626.
crossref
14. Song MJ, Park WJ. Effects of violence experience and human rights on burnout of psychiatric nurses in national mental hospitals. Korean Journal of Scientific Criminal Investigation. 2015; 9(2):97–106. https://www.earticle.net/Article/A246692.
15. Ju E, Youn J, Lee J, Jang J, Park H. Relationship between violence response, professional quality of life and workplace violence against nurses in emergency departments in Korea. Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research. 2018; 24(2):159–169. DOI: 10.22650/JKCNR.2018.24.2.159.
16. Park HJ, Kang HS, Kim KH, Kwon HJ. Exposure to workplace violence and coping in intensive care unit nurses. Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing. 2011; 20(3):291–301. DOI: 10.12934/jkpmhn.2011.20.3.291.
crossref
17. Kim YO, Yi YJ. Influence of verbal abuse on job stress for special unit nurses and general ward nurses in general hospitals. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration. 2017; 23(3):323–335. DOI: 10.11111/jkana.2017.23.3.323.
crossref
18. Noh CH. A study on aggressive behavior & nursing intervention at psychiatric ward. Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing. 1995; 4(2):78–89.
19. Glanz K, Rimer BK, Viswanath K. Health behavior and health education: theory, research, and practice. 4th ed. San Francisco CA: Jossey-Bass;2008. p. 592.
20. Bae JM. Theoretical review about the effects of social support. Korean Journal of Local Government & Administration Studies. 2015; 29(4):49–70. DOI: 10.18398/kjlgas.2015.29.4.49.
crossref
21. Han HY, Lee JY, Jang I. The moderating effects of social support between emotional labor and job satisfaction in clinical nurses. Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing. 2015; 24(4):331–339. DOI: 10.5807/kjohn.2015.24.4.331.
crossref
22. Choi HJ, Jung KI. Moderating effects of career decision-making self-efficacy and social support in the relationship between career barriers and job-seeking stress among nursing students preparing for employment. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration. 2018; 24(1):61–72. DOI: 10.11111/jkana.2018.24.1.61.
crossref
23. Lee HJ, Kim JY. Effects of psychiatric nurses' secondary traumatic stress and compassion satisfaction on burnout: the moderating effect of social support. Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing. 2016; 25(4):399–408. DOI: 10.12934/jkpmhn.2016.25.4.399.
crossref
24. Kim BM, Han K, Cho YA. The moderating effect of social support between hierarchy-oriented nursing organizational culture and turnover intention of clinical nurses. Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research. 2018; 24(3):313–323. DOI: 10.22650/JKCNR.2018.24.3.313.
25. Yun JS. A study of violence experience from patients and their families and job satisfaction of emergency department nurses [master's thesis]. [Ulsan]: University of Ulsan;2004. 45.
26. Zimet GD, Dahlem NW, Zimet SG, Farley GK. The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Journal of Personality Assessment. 1988; 52(1):30–41. DOI: 10.1207/s15327752jpa5201_2.
crossref
27. Jang MJ, Lee EN. Validity and reliability of ARQ-K (Korean version of the Assault Response Questionnaire) for emergency department nurses in Korea. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing. 2015; 45(4):544–553. DOI: 10.4040/jkan.2015.45.4.544.
crossref
28. Baron RM, Kenny DA. The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1986; 51(6):1173–1182. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173.
crossref
29. Jang MJ. A predictive model for burnout in emergency room nurses who experienced violence [dissertation]. [Busan]: Dong-A University;2016. 118.
30. Choeng S, Lee IS. Qualitative research on nurses experiencing Taeoom. Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing. 2016; 25(3):238–248. DOI: 10.5807/kjohn.2016.25.3.238.
crossref
TOOLS
ORCID iDs

Jinhee Kim
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1738-0826

Similar articles