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Abstract
Objectives
The objective of this study was to investigate the pain status, pain management methods, and pain experience after treatment among patients suffering from chronic non-cancer pain due to spinal disease.
Summary of the Literature Review
No thorough investigation of the current status of chronic non-cancer pain management in patients with spinal disease has recently been reported.
Materials and Methods
We surveyed 330 patients with chronic non-cancer pain who visited spine clinics in Korea.
Results
Prior to treatment, 86.7% of the patients had severe pain and 99.4% of the patients had taken oral analgesics for pain control. After treatment, the percent of patients with severe pain was reduced to 42.1%, and 52.4% of patients responded that they experienced intermittent pain. End of dose failure was experienced by 29.1% of patients, and 41.7% of patients experienced pain again 3–6 hours after taking analgesics. Furthermore, 8.2% of patients experienced breakthrough pain, and 29.1% of patients experienced pain that interfered with sleeping.
REFERENCES
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Table 1.
Demographic and disease characteristics
| Characteristic | Number of patients (%) |
|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | |
| Sex | |
| Male | 133(40.3) |
| Female | 197(59.7) |
| Age (yr) | |
| 20-29 | 8(2.4) |
| 30-39 | 11(3.3) |
| 40-49 | 11(3.3) |
| 50-59 | 42(12.7) |
| 60-69 | 106(32.4) |
| ≥70 | 152(46.1) |
| Disease characteristics | |
| Diagnosis∗ | |
| Headache | 5(1.5) |
| Trigeminal neuralgia | 0(0.0) |
| Facial neuralgia | 0(0.0) |
| Omalgia | 22(6.7) |
| Cervical disc disorder | 21(6.4) |
| Lumbar disc disorder | 219(66.4) |
| Failed back surgery syndrome | 58(17.6) |
| Degenerative knee osteoarthritis | 36(10.9) |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 17(5.2) |
| Foot and ankle pain | 7(2.1) |
| Diabetic neuralgia | 2(0.6) |
| Others: melosalgia etc. | 27(8.2) |
Table 2.
Pain severity and type at the first visit
Table 3.
Pain management at the first visit
| Number of patients (%) | |
|---|---|
| Pain management | |
| Treatment type∗ | |
| Oral analgesics | 328(99.4) |
| Transdermal analgesic patch | 44(13.3) |
| Analgesic injections | 49(14.8) |
| Antidepressants | 3(0.9) |
| Gastrointestinal agents (pill, gel type et al.) | 103(31.2) |
| Other interventions | 20(6.1) |
| Frequency of oral analgesics† | |
| Once daily | 72(22.0) |
| Twice daily | 183(55.8) |
| Three times daily | 73(22.3) |
| Percentage of pain reduction during the last month | |
| 0% | 1(0.3) |
| 10% | 3(0.9) |
| 20% | 15(4.5) |
| 30% | 28(8.5) |
| 40% | 12(3.6) |
| 50% | 53(16.1) |
| 60% | 32(9.7) |
| 70% | 84(25.5) |
| 80% | 70(21.2) |
| 90% | 26(7.9) |
| 100% | 6(1.8) |
Table 4.
Recent pain severity and type
Table 5.
The incidence of end-of-dose failure, breakthrough pain, an pain in sleep
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