Dupuytren's contracture is characterized by progressive fibroplasia and contracture of palmar fascia with resultant deformity of hands and fingers. Recently it has been shown that the cellular element, called myofibroblast, contributes significantly in the process of contracture. Among the 6 patients we have seen during the last few years, there was a total of 9 hands with Dupuytren's contracture. Seven of these were treated by a partial fasciectomy or by a dermofascietomy with a full thickness skin graft and the results of these two procedures were compared. Electron microsconic studies were done in 3 of the 6 patients and myofibroblasts were found in 2 of them.