Hoke traction and immediate immobilization in a spica cast were used to treat 32 children ranging on age from two to eight year old who had closed femoral shaft fractures and no associated injuries. These 32 children admitted at the Seoul Advantist Hospital during period from Jan. 1977 to Dec. 1982 and follow up study was made for 1 to 4 years after fractures. End results obtained are as follows: 1. There was no clinical deformity at the fracture site after complete remodeling. 2. There was no disparity of the leg length greater than 12mm. 3. There was no residual angulation greater than 10° degree. As compared with results treated by Russel traction, this method provides improved length control, comparable control of angular and rotational alignment and considerable shortened hospital stay. It is our opinion that Hoke traction is a simple, safe, certain, comparable and economical method of treatment of femoral shaft fractures in young children.