To evaluate the ability of Doppler examination to discriminate between pedunculated subserosal myoma and adnexal mass. 24 women scheduled for laparotomy because of pelvic mass underwent transvaginal sonographic examination including spectral Doppler techniques at the follicular phase. The equipment used was an Acuson 128XP with 5.0 MHz curve-linear transvaginal transducer. The main uterine arteries were identified in all patients. Pulsatility index(PI) and Resistance index(RI) were measured and automatically calculated. Statistical analysis used was student t-test. Operation was done within 8 days after sonography. The histological diagnosis were as follows : uterine leiomyoma(n=14), cystic teratoma(n=5), tuboo-varian abscess(n=2), endometrial cyst(n=2), Krukenberg tumor(n=l). In the case of myoma, the uterine artery PI and RI were significantly lower than the adnexal mass(p=0.001, p=0.002). In the case of laterally positioned myoma(n=14), the same side uterine artery PI and RI were significantly lower than the opposite side uterine artery PI and RI(p=0.001, p<0.001). In the case of adnexal mass(n=10), the same side uterine artery PI and RI were lower than the opposite side uterine artery PI and RI, but not significant(p=0.092, p=0.246). Above data strongly suggest that uterine artery Doppler velocimetry has a contribution to the differential diagnosis between pedunculated subserosal myoma and adnexal mass.