A 63 years old woman with right lower quadrant pain was suspected to have right ovarian cancer on imaging study. But exploratory laparotomy revealed that it was right primary fallopian tubal cancer (PFTC). After surgery, six courses of chemotherapy including carboplatin and paclitaxel was performed. PFTC is a very rare and highly aggressive disease. Histology and treatment are nearly identical with ovarian cancer. We report this rare case with review of literatures.