The compartment syndrome is a significant problem, causing major functional losses following a wide variety of traumatic, vascular, hematologic, neurogenic, surgical, pharmacological, renal and iatrogenic condition Delay in the diagnosis of compartmental syndrome and subsquent delay in performing the fasciotomy can result in deedless loss of function and possible amputation of the involved extremities. Unfortunately early diagnosis of this syndrorne is difficnlt to access. The one factor that must be present in the compartmental syndrome is increased tissue pressure. The most logical means to increased our effectiveness in dealiog with this syndrome is to have a direct measuring of this pressure. 7I cases of swelling of extremities were studied in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, WonJu Christian Hospital, during 18 consecutive months from March 1979 toAugust, 1980. The brief summary of the observations are as follows. 1. Theneedle manometer technique of measuring tissue pressure demonstrated a normal tissue pressure not rising above 5mmHg. 2. In the pain and positive passive stretch test, the tissue pressure rose to 30mmHg, but the induration was the most common symptom of increased tissue pressure. 3. In carbon monoxide intoxication, neuromusular injury appeard when the tissue pressure rose to within 6–20mmHg. 4. When 6 hours or more elapse from traum onset and there was severe soft tissue injury, the pressure rose to 40mmHg. 5. Tissue pressur is increased maximally within 30 minutes after operation 6. A fasciotomy is indicated in circumference when tissue pressure is progressively increased after 40mmHg. 7. Tissue pressure is decreased to normal level within 10minutes after fasciotomy and to 7.5mmHg witin 4 hours after skeletal traction.