Investigating the Intrapsychic Factors that Affect Quality of Life in Patients with Schizophrenia

Gahyeon Song; Minyoung Sim; Tae Hoon Kwon; Jung Hyun Lee; Jin Yong Jun

doi:10.16946/kjsr.2017.21.2.67

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Song, Sim, Kwon, Lee, and Jun: Investigating the Intrapsychic Factors that Affect Quality of Life in Patients with Schizophrenia

Original Article

Korean J Schizophr Res 2017;21(2):67-73.

Published online: 20 January 2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16946/kjsr.2017.21.2.67

Investigating the Intrapsychic Factors that Affect Quality of Life in Patients with Schizophrenia

Gahyeon Song, MD¹, Minyoung Sim, MD, PhD^2,, Tae Hoon Kwon, MD¹, Jung Hyun Lee, MD, PhD², Jin Yong Jun, MD³

¹Department of Mental Health Education, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Korea

²Stress and Anxiety Disorder, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Korea

³Psychosocial Rehabilitation, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Korea

Address for correspondence: Minyoung Sim, Department of Stress and Anxiety Disorder, National Center for Mental Health, 127 Yongmasan-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 04933, Korea Tel: 02-2204-0115, Fax: 02-2204-0395 E-mail: mdsim@daum.net

Received 5 January 2018 Revised 6 May 2018 Accepted 22 May 2018

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Objectives

This study was designed to investigate the intrapsychic factors affecting the quality of life of patients with chronic schizophrenia.

Methods

Quality of life was measured using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale-Brief (WHOQOL-BREF) in 72 community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia. Demographic status, psychopathology, independent living skill, and insight were examined. Based on this, correlation analysis between each scale and multiple regression analysis was performed to examine the factors that can predict the quality of life.

Results

: The illness duration was over 10 years in 79.2% of patients. The patients with 10–20 years of illness duration showed lower scores of quality of life than those with less than 10 years or more than 20 years. Anxiety/depressive symptom, hostile/suspi-ciousness were associated with quality of life scores. Among those, anxiety/depressive symptom was the strongest predictor of quality of life in patients with chronic schizophrenia.

Conclusion

: The management of anxiety and depressive symptoms should be implicated in the treatment of schizophrenic patients to improve the quality of life.

Keywords: Schizophrenia, Quality of life, Anxiety, Depression, WHOQOL-BREF.

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Fig. 1.

Correlation between quality of life and anxiety/depression symptoms.

Table 1.

Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with schizophrenia (n=72)

		n (%) or mean±SD
Sex	Male	37 (51.4%)
	Female	35 (48.6%)
Age, years		45.1±9.8
Marital status	Married	5 (6.9%)
	Separation or divorced	8 (11.1%)
	Unmarried	59 (82.0%)
Education	＜9 years	2 (2.8%)
	9–12 years	6 (8.3%)
	9–12 years	6 (8.3%)
	12–16 years	47 (65.3%)
	16 years	17 (23.6%)
Duration of illness	<10 years	15 (20.8%)
	10–20 years	19 (26.4%)
	＞20 years	38 (52.8%)
Duration of	＜1 years	7 (9.7%)
non-hospitalization	1–5 years	12 (16.6%)
	5–10 years	13 (18.1%)
	＞10 years	40 (55.6%)

SD: Standard Deviations

Table 2.

Total and categorical mean scores of the WHOQOL BREF, BPRS, ILSS, GAF, and SUMD-K

	Variables	Mean±SD
WHOQOL-BREF	Physical health	53.3±16.9
	Psychological health	49.8±19.5
	Social relationships	50.8±19.4
	Environment	51.6±17.2
	Overall quality of life	57.8±24.3
BPRS	Total	28.0±9.9
	Thinking disturbance	6.1±2.9
	Withdrawal/retardation	5.9±2.4
	Anxiety/depression	5.0±2.3
	Hostile/suspiciousness	4.3±2.4
	Agitation/mania	1.8±1.6
ILSS (%)	Appearance and clothing	88.0±15.5
	Personal hygiene	85.2±17.1
	Care of personal possessions	74.3±31.0
	Food preparation/storage	79.0±20.9
	Health maintenance	87.7±17.7
	Money management	79.7±25.2
	Transportation	57.2±17.9
	Leisure and community	47.7±22.4
	Job seeking	23.3±31.8
	Job maintenance	69.0±38.9
GAF		48.3±7.7
SUMD-K	Present	9.4±3.6
	Past	15.4±3.0

WHOQOL-BREF: World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale-Brief, BPRS: Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, ILSS: Indepen dent Living Skills Survey, GAF: Global Assessment of Functioning Scale, SUMD-K: The Korean Version of the Scale to Assessmen Unawareness of Mental disorder

Table 3.

General linear regression analysis of the predictive factors to overall quality of life scores

	Type III SS	df	MS	F value	sig
Thinking disturbance	0,527.1	1	0,0527.1	0,001.01	0.319
Withdrawal/retardation	1,474.4	1	1,474.4	000,2.81	0.098
Anxiety/depression	3,613.4	1	3,613.2	00,06.89	0.011∗
Hostile/suspiciousness	0,022.9	1	0,022.9	0,022.89	0.043∗
Agitation/mania	0,072.1	1	0,072.1	00,72.01	0.137
Insight (present)	1,054.4	1	1,054.4	1,054.40	2.011
Insight (past)	0,130.9	1	0,130.9	0,130.90	0.249
Duration of illness	1,834.9	2	1,834.9	0,917.40	1.749

R²=0.226, Adjusted R

² =0.113, F=2.01, p=0.052. ∗: p＜0.05

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