Factors Associated with Development of Early Symptoms of Phlebitis in Hospitalized Patients in General Wards: A Retrospective Study

Youngja Lee; Eunhee Lee

doi:10.7475/kjan.2019.31.2.136

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Lee and Lee: Factors Associated with Development of Early Symptoms of Phlebitis in Hospitalized Patients in General Wards: A Retrospective Study

Original Article

Korean Journal of Adult Nursing 2019; 31(2): 136-145.

Published online: 20 April 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2019.31.2.136

Factors Associated with Development of Early Symptoms of Phlebitis in Hospitalized Patients in General Wards: A Retrospective Study

Youngja Lee¹

, Eunhee Lee²

¹Registered Nurse, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea.

²Assistant Professor, School of Nursing · Research Institute of Nursing Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea.

Corresponding author: Lee, Eunhee. School of Nursing, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon 24252, Korea. Tel: +82-33-248-2727, Fax: +82-33-248-2734, ehlee@hallym.ac.kr

Received 2 January 2019 Revised 13 February 2019 Accepted 23 February 2019

Korean Society of Adult Nursing

(open-access):

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

The objective of this study was to identify the risk factors for early symptoms of phlebitis with peripheral intravenous catheters.

Methods

This study involved 226 patients who were admitted to Hallym university Kangnam sacred heart hospital in Seoul. The analysis included 703 intravenous lines. Basic information was extracted from Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) primarily, and the detailed information was collected by reviewing the EMRs from September 21 in 2017 to October 31 in 2017. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, χ² test, and mixed effect logistic regression.

Results

Of the intravenous lines, 4.1% involved early stage of phlebitis, and 36.3% involved early symptoms of phlebitis. Gender, needle gauge size and osmolarity of fluids were significant factors for early symptoms of phlebitis.

Conclusion

To prevent serious phlebitis, rapid detection and intervention of early symptoms of phlebitis are needed. As multiple factors, including patient factors and intravenous infection factors, contribute to the development of phlebitis, a protocol should be developed to prevent infusionrelated phlebitis considering various risk factors.

Keywords: Phlebitis, Catheterization, Administration, Intravenous, cannula

Figures and Tables

Table 1

General Characteristics of Patients with Intravenous Therapy (N=226)

BMI=body mass index; NPO=nothing by mouth; IV=intravenous.

Table 2

Characteristics of Intravenous Lines (N=703)

^†Multiple responses; IV=intravenous; G=gauge; TPN=total parenteral nutrition; VIP=visual infusion phlebitis.

Table 3

Differences in Development of Early Symptom of Phlebitis According to Patient Factors and Injection Factors

BMI=body mass index; NPO=nothing by mouth; IV=intravenous; G=gauge; ^†Fisher's exact.

Table 4

Factors associated with Development of Early Symptom of Phlebitis

Note: Random variance of null model=0.34 (95% CI : 0.23~0.47), LR test (rho=0)=74.84 (p<.001); CI=confidence interval; BMI=body mass index; NPO=nothing by mouth; IV=intravenous.

Notes

^{CONFLICTS OF INTEREST} The authors declared no conflict of interest.

^AUTHORSHIP

Study conception and design acquisition - LY and LE
Data collection - LY
Analysis and interpretation of the data - LY and LE
Drafting and critical revision of the manuscript - LY and LE.

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ORCID iDs

Youngja Lee
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6740-0613

Eunhee Lee
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4729-6692

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