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A 64-year-old woman with end-stage renal disease was diagnosed with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis. Because of high risk for operation, she underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Computed tomography (CT) showed acceptable calibers of the right iliofemoral arteries, but severe calcification was revealed (
Figure 1A). After passing the delivery system of a 29-mm Evolut R (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA) by right transfemoral access, acute hemodynamic deterioration occurred. Angiography revealed massive contrast media extravasation at the right iliac artery (
Figure 1B,
Supplementary Video 1). Because of emergency, it was impossible to identify the true injured length of the vessel and therefore, an occlusive balloon was promptly installed by contralateral access and bleeding ceased after implantation of a SEAL bifurcated stent graft extension 10×60 mm (S&G, Biotech Inc., Seoul, Korea) at the ruptured site (
Figure 1C). To proceed with the TAVR, the delivery system was advanced by left femoral access (
Figure 1D). TAVR was successfully performed with absolute reliance on transesophageal echocardiography after a few trials of repositioning (
Figure 1E-H,
Supplementary Videos 2,
3, and
4). However, just after valve implantation, abrupt hemodynamic collapse recurred, and the stent graft was found in her abdomen (
Figure 1I). After then, two stent grafts (a limb stent of Endurant II 13×13×82 mm (Medtronic) and a SEAL bifurcated stent graft extension 10×100 mm) with larger size were implanted at the right iliac artery, and hemodynamic status improved (
Figure 1J,
Supplementary Video 5). CT revealed migration of the stent graft inside a massive retroperitoneal hematoma (
Figure 1K). Her peripheral arterial ultrasound revealed good flow through the stent-grafts (
Figure 1L). Fortunately, after completely recovered, she has been doing well without any symptoms or events for 1 year follow up.
Figures and Tables
Figure 1
Computed tomographic, fluoroscopic, and echocardiographic images. (A) Severe calcification from the iliac arteries to the descending aorta on computed tomography (CT). (B) Massive contrast media extravasation at the right iliac artery on abdominal aortic angiography (arrow). (C) Implantation of a 10×60 mm stent graft at the right iliac artery (solid line). (D) Advance of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) system through the left iliac artery with balloon supporting at right common artery (E) Too deep positioning of aortic valve prosthesis on transesophageal echocardiography. (F) Too shallow positioning of aortic valve prosthesis on transesophageal echocardiography. (G) Good positioning of aortic valve prosthesis on transesophageal echocardiography. (H) Good positioning of aortic valve prosthesis on fluoroscopy. (I) Migration of the stent graft into her abdominal space (solid line). (J) No contrast media extravasation after implantation of 2 stent grafts (dotted line). (K) The migrated stent graft inside a massive retroperitoneal hematoma on CT (solid line). (L) Good flow through the stent-grafts on Doppler ultrasound (dotted line).