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Sung Jin Park, M.D.
, Chang Ho Jeon, M.D.*, Nam Hoon Moon, Ph.D.†, Yong Geon Park, M.D.†, Jae Hoon Jang, M.D.†
, Chang Ho Jeon, M.D.*, Nam Hoon Moon, Ph.D.†, Yong Geon Park, M.D.†, Jae Hoon Jang, M.D.†
Abstract
Transarterial embolization is accepted as effective and safe for the acute management in hemodynamically unstable patients with pelvic ring injury. However, transarterial embolization has potential complications, such as gluteal muscle/skin necrosis, deep infection, surgical wound breakdown, and internal organ infarction, which are caused by blocked blood flow to surrounding tissues and organs, and many studies on the complications have been reported. Here, we report an experience of the management of gluteal necrosis and infection that occurred after transarterial embolization, with a review of the relevant literature.
Figures and Tables
Fig. 1
(A) A 22-year-old female patient fell from the 5th floor and was transferred to the emergency room of the trauma center. During the primary survey according to ATLS® (Advanced Trauma Life Support), Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma was negative and anteroposterior pelvic radiograph showed an unstable pelvic ring injury. (B) The abdomen radiograph taken after preperitoneal pelvic packing and application of a pelvic binder showed decreased pelvic volume and reduction of iliac fracture.
Fig. 2
(A) Transarterial pelvic aortography demonstrated diffuse attenuation of bilateral common, external (arrows), and internal iliac arteries. Radiographic gauzes for preperitoneal pelvic packing were also noted (arrowheads). Diffuse attenuation of internal iliac artery (1), the posterior division branch of the internal iliac artery (2) including iliolumbar artery (3), superior gluteal artery (4), and the anterior division branch of the internal iliac artery (5) including inferior gluteal artery (6), obturator artery (7), internal pudendal artery (8), medial sacral artery (9) were observed. (B) Digital subtraction angiography of pelvic aortography showed equivocal contrast blushes from both internal iliac arteries and their anterior divisional branches (circle). Nonselective embolization of bilateral internal iliac artery was performed.
Fig. 3
(A) The pelvic ring injury was a closed fracture and Morel-Lavallee lesion was not observed in preoperative computed tomography scan. (B) Open reduction and internal fixation through the modified Stoppa approach with lateral window was performed on the fourth day after the injury.
Fig. 4
(A) On the 5th day after the injury, skin color change of both buttocks was first detected in the intensive care unit. (B) Skin necrosis progressed. (C) On the 10th day after the injury, surgery for gluteal necrosis was performed. (D) The affected skin was excised and extensive necrosis and infection of gluteus maximus muscle were observed. Surgical debridement, copious irrigation and vacuum-assisted closure were performed.
Fig. 5
(A) Repetitive surgical debridement was performed concurrently with intravenous antibiotics. (B) The infection was controlled about two months after the surgeries and sufficient formation of granulation tissues was achieved for skin graft. (C) A suture was performed for the right buttock and a skin graft for the left. There is no evidence of infection at the surgical wound, and some defects in the skin graft site are still under treatment.
Notes
References
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