Fifteen Pritchard ERS total elbow prostheses were implanted in fourteen patients with rheumatoid arthritis. These patients were followed for an average of 20.1 months(range 12-40 months). The average patient age at the time of surgery was 44 years(range 29-63 years). Bone cement was used in fixation of all radial, all ulnar and one case on humeral component to the bones. Range of motion was increased in all planes, especially flexion and pronation. Pain relief was achieved in all. The results were as follows:1. There was no loosening of implant at final follow-up. 2. There were some degrees of limited extension in 13 cases, ranging from 52°-140°(20.4°). 3. The range of flexion was relatively satisfactory, ranging from 90°-140°. 4. The final mean flexion-extension range was 104.3°, reflecting 44.6°increase compared to that of before operation(p<0.05). 5. The mean range of circumduction of forearm at final follow-up was 102°(range:100-120°), reflecting 12.4° increase compared to that of before operation. 6. The average overall score was 41.8°before the operation and 77.6°at follow-up. 7. Intraoperative longitudinal linear crack of humeral condyle occurred in 4 out of 8 cases while impacting the stemmed type of humeral component. Among these, bone cement was used because of comminution. However no change of rehabilitation program was necessary in those cases despite of the fracture. 8. There was one posterior dislocation postoperatively. It was treated effectively with transient application of extension limitation splint for 3 weeks. From these results, it would be suggested that the pritchard TEA is a satisfactory procedure to improve range of motion, even in case of 20 years old bony ankylosis, although there is a technical difficulty in determining correct amount of bone resection of three components and in restoring rotational balance among three components.