Transient synovitis of hip joint is the most common cause of a painful hip in children under the ten years of age, which is known as a non-specific and self-limited condition. It is important to differenciate this condition from the more serious disease, that is, septic arthritis, Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, tuberculosis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, and rheumatic fever. During 8 years from January, 1982 to December, 1989, 59 cases were admitted at Hanil General Hospital under the diagnosis of transient synovitis of the hip, and the clinical and radiological analysis of these cases was made. The results were as follows; 1. Most of the cases (86.4%) were under the ten years of age, the sex ratio was male ; female = 40:19 (2.1:1). 2. There was no specific causing factor in 33 cases (55.9%), the rest was related with previous URI (27.1%) and minor trauma (13.5%). 3. The chief complaints were pain (100%), limitation of motion (62.7%) and limping gait (54.2%). The gluteal fold asymmetry was found in 36 cases (61%). 4. There was mild leukocytosis (10,000-15,000/mm3) in 14 cases (23.7%), increased ESR (over 20mm/hr) in 3 cases (5%), these findings were normalized within a week. Aspirations and cultures were done in 8 cases and the results were all negative. 5. On the radiologic findings of the anteroposterior view, wide tear drop distance (TDD, over 2 mm than normal side) was found in 25 cases (42.3%). The capsular sign was found in 38 cases (64.4% ), but it was seemed to have no radilogic significance because the normal hip also show an abnormal shadow on changing of the position, espeically in abduction and external rotation. 6. The mean druration of symptom and hospitalization were somewhat longer in the cases which showed widening of TDD above 2 mm than in those below 2 mm (3.9 days and 3.2 days), but there was no statistical significance (p >0.05). 7. All cases were treated conservatively including extension skin traction and NSAID. The symptoms were completely relieved within 10 days in 43 cases (72.9% ). Two cases were readmitted due to recurrence.