The supracondylar fracture of the humerus is the most common elbow fracture in children. But it is difficult for the treatment and also frequently associated with variable complications. Accurate anatomical reduction, the least regional trauma as possible, and the maintenance of reduction are necessary to obtain excellent results. From Jan. 1983 to Dec. 1990, sixty patients with supracondylar fracture of the humerus were admitted and treated by open reduction and internal fixation at our hospital. Among them, forty-eight patients who were followed up more than one year were reviewed retrospectively. 1. The average age was 7.7 years and the sex ratio was 5:1 in male to female. The most common causes of fracture was fall from a height in 31 cases(64.4%) and followed by slip down in 14 cases(29.1%). The ratio of left to right was 2:l. 2. All cases were classified in extension type and Gartland type III. In the injuries associated with fracture, there were 7 neural injuries, 6 ipsilateral forearm fractures, 4 vascular injuries, 1 impending Volkmann's ischemia and 1 cerebral contusion.