Intramedullary nailing is an accepted form of operative treatment of osteogenesis imperfecta and some types of congenital psedudarthrosis of the tibia. We evaluated the overall postoperative results of patients with osteogenesis imperfecta and congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia, while comparing use of the Bailey-Dubow(B-D) elongating rod with use of other non-elongating rods. Results and problems in the use of the intramedullary rod were critically analyzed in 16 patients (13 osteogenesis imperfecta, 3 congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia). Ten patients underwent procedures using B-D rod while 3 patients using non-elongating rods. Three of the patients have both the B-D rod and non-elongating rod in their bodies in different long bones. Intramedullary rodding was done with a B-D rod on 12 femora and 8 tibiae, and with a non-elongating rod on 6 femora, 5 tibiae. The mean follow-up period was 2 years and 5 months for B-D rods and 5 years for nonelongating rods. The age at first surgery averaged 5 years and 9 months for B-D rods and 7 years and 7 months for non-elongating rods. The overall reoperation rates were 37% for B-D rods and 44% for non-elongating rods. Replacement rates were 22% for B-D rods and 38% for non-elongating rods. The complication rate of B-D rods(63%) was higher than that of non-elongating rods(44%). The frequent complications of the B-D rod include migration of the female rod, loosening or dislodging of the T-piece, failure of telescoping, and bending of the rod. Many of the complications with the B-D rod were intrinsic to the rod. However, the percentage of complications requiring reoperation was lower in D-B rods than in non-elongating rods.