Journal List > J Korean Orthop Assoc > v.27(1) > 1114406

Seo, Kwon, Kim, and Choo: Clinical Study of Plafond Fracture of Tibia: Comparison of A-O method and use of Triplane External Fixator Method

Abstract

The best known treatment of distal tibia plafond fracture is, as recommended by A-0 group, restoration of the proper length of the fibula, accurate reduction of the tibia articular surface, cancellous bone graft and rigid internal fixation with buttress plate to enable early range of motion exercises. The authors treated 16 cases by open reduction and internal fixation with plate and screws and bone graft when needed, according to the A-0 principle and early ROM exercise was allowed. But in the fractures with severe comminution or with too small fragments to be fixed with a plate or screws, aggressive tries for internal fixation with plate and screws in the distal tibia will result in inevitable stripping of the soft tissues and the periosteum. Therefore, dangers of the delayed union, nonunion, soft tissue necrosis and infection will be increased. Thirteen of those cases were treated by internal fixation of the fibula and triplane external fixation across the ankle joint after open reduction of the articular surface in certain fractures. Autogenous cancellous bone graft and screw fixation was done as needed. Thirty-five cases of tibial plafond fractures admitted to Sang Gye Paik Hospital from August 1989 to April 1991 were reviewed and following results were obtained; l. Out of 35 cases, 26 were closed and 9 were open fractures. 2. 6 cases with nondisplaced or minimally displaced fractures were treated conservatively. 3. 16 cases were treated by open reduction and internal fixation with plate and screws in the fibula and distal tibia according to the A-0 principle. Two of them were open fractures. 4. Triplane external fixators were applied to 13 cases. 7 were open fractures. 5. The evaluation was done by magnusson method. 30 cases(86%) were rated good or excellent. 6. In groups using limited fixation with screws and triplane external fixator in distal tibia in-tead of plate and screws, no complications such a infection, soft tissue necrosis were found. The authors beleive the plafond fractures should be treated according to the A-0 methods. But in certain circumstances which makes it dangerous and difficult to use the tibial plate and screws, limied fixation with screws in combination with the use of triplane external fixator instead of tibial plate and screws in a good and safe method to avoid complications.

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