Syphilitic involvement of spinal column is rarely seen today. The condition usually presents in the tertiary stage of syphilis and, when syphilis involves the spine, which results in Charcot's arthropathy and gumma formation. Charcots arthropathy is commonest manifestaion. Acording to Perkins (1961) charcots arthrophthy tends to occur in the most mobile segment of the spine such as thoraco-lumbar region. Gumma formation in spine is rare, and it is usually destructive unlike gummatous lesions in other parts of the skeleton. Gummata are more commonly symptomatic and, cause collapsing of the affected vertebra with the manifestation of neurological sign. Clinical and radiological changes frequently simulate those seen in tuberculous infection and metastatic lesion. We present one case of syphilitic spondylitis which showed the pathologic fracture of first lumbar vertebra.