Henoch-Schonlein purpura is a systemic small-vessel IgA-dominant vasculitis with involvement of skin, gastrointestinal tract, joint and kidney. Henoch-Schonlein purpura and an endoscopic biopsy are rare causes of intramural hematoma of the duodenum. We herein report a case of intramural hematoma of the duodenum and duodenal obstruction following endoscopic biopsy in an 8-year-old girl with Henoch-Schonlein purpura. Abdominal CT scan showed intramural hematoma in the second and third portions of the duodenum, which caused marked narrowing of the lumen. She was treated with supportive care and improved completely without any gastrointestinal complications.