Inhibitory Effect of Metal Surface on the Antimicrobial Resistance Microorganism

Jung-Beom Kim; Jae-Kwang Kim; Hyunjung Kim; Eun Jung Cho; Yeon-Joon Park; Hae Kyung Lee

doi:10.5145/ACM.2018.21.4.80

Journal List > Ann Clin Microbiol > v.21(4) > 1109552

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Kim, Kim, Kim, Cho, Park, and Lee: Inhibitory Effect of Metal Surface on the Antimicrobial Resistance Microorganism

Original Article

Annals of Clinical Microbiology 2018; 21(4): 80-85.

Published online: 20 December 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5145/ACM.2018.21.4.80

Inhibitory Effect of Metal Surface on the Antimicrobial Resistance Microorganism

Jung-Beom Kim¹, Jae-Kwang Kim², Hyunjung Kim², Eun Jung Cho², Yeon-Joon Park³, Hae Kyung Lee²

¹Department of Food Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea.

²Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea.

³Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea.

Correspondence: Hae Kyung Lee, Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, 271 Cheonbo-ro, Uijeongbu 11765, Korea. (Tel) 82-31-820-3159, (Fax) 82-31-847-6266, hkl@catholic.ac.kr

Received 23 April 2018 Revised 12 July 2018 Accepted 19 July 2018

The Korean Society of Clinical Microbiology

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Background

The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the bactericidal effects of copper, brass (copper 78%, tin 22%), and stainless steel against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREFM), and multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MRPA).

Methods

The isolates (MRSA, VREFM, MRPA) used in this study were mixed wild type 3 strains isolated from patients treated at Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital in 2017. These strains showed patterns of multidrug resistance. The lyophilized strains were inoculated into and incubated for 24 hr in tryptic soy broth at 35℃. The initial bacterial inoculum concentration was adjusted to 10⁵ CFU/mL. A 100-mL bacterial suspension was incubated in containers made of brass (copper 78%, tin 22%), copper (above 99% purity), and stainless steel at 35℃. Viable counts of bacteria strains were measured for 9 days.

Results

In this study, the bactericidal effects of copper and brass on MRSA, VREFM, and MRPA were verified. The bactericidal effect of stainless steel was much weaker than those of copper and brass. The bactericidal effect was stronger on MRPA than on MRSA or VREFM.

Conclusion

To prevent cross infection of multidrug resistant bacteria in hospitals, further studies of longer duration are needed for testing of copper materials on objects such as door knobs, faucets, and bed rails.

Keywords: Bactericidal effect, Brass, Copper, Multidrug resistant bacteria

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

(A) Viable count of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in phosphate buffered water of brass, copper and stainless steel container. (B) Viable count of S. aureus (ATCC 29213) in phosphate buffered water of brass, copper and stainless steel container.

Fig. 2

(A) Viable count of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium in phosphate buffered water of brass, copper and stainless steel container. (B) Viable count of E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) in phosphate buffered water of brass, copper and stainless steel container.

Fig. 3

(A) Viable count of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in phosphate buffered water of brass, copper and stainless steel container. (B) Viable count of P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) in phosphate buffered water of brass, copper and stainless steel container.

Table 1

Antibiotic profiles of the Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Abbreviations: AM, ampicillin; AMC, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; AN, amikacin; ATM, aztreonam; AZM, azithromycin; CAZ, ceftazidime; CFT, cefotaxime; CC, clindamycin; CIP, ciprofloxacin; CL, colistin; DAP, daptomycin; E, erythromycin; FA, fusidic acid; FD, nitrofurantoin; FEP, cefepime; FOS, fosfomycin; GM, gentamycin; GMS, gentamycin synergy; IPM, imipenem; LNZ, linezolid; LVX, levofloxacin; MEM, meropenem; MI, minocycline; MUP, mupirocin; MXF, moxifloxacin; OX, oxacillin; P, penicillin; PIP, piperacillin; RA, rifampin; SAM, ampicillin/sulbactam; StS, streptomycin synergy screen; SXT, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole; SYN, synercid; TE, tetracycline; TEC, teicoplanin; TGC, tigecyclin; TIM, ticarcillin/clavulanic acid; TOB, tobramycin; TZP, piperacillin/tazobactam; VA, vancomycin; R, resistant; S, susceptible; I, intermediate; X, not tested.

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SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIALS

Supplementary Table 1

Antibiotic profiles of the Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853

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