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Bang, Kim, Kim, Shin, Lee, Yu, Huh, and Yu: Long-term Results of Taking Anti-oxidant Nutritional Supplement in Intermediate Age-related Macular Degeneration
Original Article

Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society 2018; 59(12): 1152-1159.

Published online: 17 December 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2018.59.12.1152

Long-term Results of Taking Anti-oxidant Nutritional Supplement in Intermediate Age-related Macular Degeneration

Seul Ki Bang, MD1, Eung Suk Kim, MD, PhD1, Jong Woo Kim, MD, PhD2, Jae Pil Shin, MD, PhD3, Ji Eun Lee, MD, PhD4, Hyeong Gon Yu, MD, PhD5, Kuhl Huh, MD, PhD6, Seung-Young Yu, MD, PhD1

1Department of Ophthalmology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

2Department of Ophthalmology, Kim's Eye Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

3Department of Ophthalmology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.

4Department of Ophthalmology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea.

5Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

6Blue Eye Center, Seoul, Korea.

Address reprint requests to Seung-Young Yu, MD, PhD. Department of Ophthalmology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, #23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea. Tel: 82-2-958-8451, Fax: 82-2-966-7340, syyu@khu.ac.kr

Received 21 June 2018       Revised 2 October 2018       Accepted 23 November 2018

©2018 The Korean Ophthalmological Society

The Korean Ophthalmological Society

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

We prospectively investigated clinical changes and long-term outcomes after administration of the drugs recommended by the Age-Related Eye Disease Study-2 to patients with intermediate age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods

This prospective multicenter study enrolled 79 eyes of 55 patients taking lutein and zeaxanthin. The primary endpoint was contrast sensitivity; this was checked every 12 months for a total of 36 months after treatment commenced. The secondary endpoints were visual acuity, central macular thickness, and drusen volume; the latter two parameters were assessed using spectral domain optical coherence tomography.

Results

The mean patient age was 72.46 ± 7.16 years. Contrast sensitivity gradually improved at both three and six cycles per degree. The corrected visual acuity was 0.13 ± 0.14 logMAR and did not change significantly over the 36 months. Neither the central macular thickness nor drusen volume changed significantly.

Conclusions

Contrast sensitivity markedly improved after treatment, improving vision and patient satisfaction. Visual acuity, central retinal thickness, and drusen volume did not deteriorate. Therefore, progression of AMD and visual function deterioration were halted.

Keywords: Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS)-2 formula, Contrast sensitivity, Drusen volume, Intermediate age-related macular degeneration (AMD)

Figures and Tables

Figure 1

Bar graph showing the results of contrast sensitivity at each spatial frequency. Changing of contrast sensitivity during the follow-up period. *Significantly different than the baseline.

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Figure 2

Changing of variables during the follow-up period. (A) Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). (B) Mean central macular thickness. (C) Mean drusen volume. (D) Area of hypo-fluorescence region. *Significantly different than the baseline.

jkos-59-1152-g002
Figure 3

A case of progression to advanced age-related macular degeneration. (A) Baseline. (B) After 36 months of administration of Age-Related Eye Disease Study-2 formula. FAF = fundus autofluorescence; OCT = optical coherence tomography; FA = fluorescein angiography; ICGA = indocyanine green angiography.

jkos-59-1152-g003
Table 1

Baseline demographics and descriptive data

jkos-59-1152-i001

Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation or number (%).

AMD = age-related macular degeneration.

Table 2

Baseline characteristics and changes of variables during the follow-up period

jkos-59-1152-i002

Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation unless otherwise indicated.

CPD = cycles per degree; BCVA = best-corrected visual acuity; CMT = central macular thickness; MDV = mean drusen volume.

*Significant differences during the follow-up period compared to baseline using a paired t-test.

Table 3

Changes of contrast sensitivity during the follow-up period according to cataract status

jkos-59-1152-i003

Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation unless otherwise indicated.

CPD = cycles per degree.

*Significant differences during the follow-up period compared to baseline using a paired t-test.

Notes

Conflicts of Interest The authors have no conflicts to disclose.

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