Simultaneous Determination of Four Compounds from Artemisia capillaris using High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Ultraviolet Detector (HPLC-UVD) and Their Quantitative Study in Artemisia Genus

Kiwon Ko; In Kee Hong; Hyun-Jong Cho; Young Ho Kim; Heejung Yang

doi:10.20307/nps.2018.24.2.109

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Ko, Hong, Cho, Kim, and Yang: Simultaneous Determination of Four Compounds from Artemisia capillaris using High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Ultraviolet Detector (HPLC-UVD) and Their Quantitative Study in Artemisia Genus

Original Article

Natural Product Sciences 2018;24(2):109-114.

Published online: 20 January 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20307/nps.2018.24.2.109

Simultaneous Determination of Four Compounds from Artemisia capillaris using High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Ultraviolet Detector (HPLC-UVD) and Their Quantitative Study in Artemisia Genus

Kiwon Ko¹, In Kee Hong², Hyun-Jong Cho¹, Young Ho Kim^3,^∗, Heejung Yang^1,^∗

¹College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea

²R&D Center, Radiant Ltd., Chuncheon 24398, Republic of Korea

³College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea

∗Author for correspondence Young Ho Kim (Ph.D), College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea. Tel: +82-42-821-5933; E-mail: yhk@cnu.ac.kr Heejung Yang (Ph.D), College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea. Tel: +82-33-250-6919; E-mail: heejyang@kangwon.ac.kr

Received 23 January 2018 Revised 14 February 2018 Accepted 14 February 2018

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Artemisia capillaris Thunb. (Compositae) is a native herb of East Asian countries and has used for the treatment of jaundice, high liver fever, and digestive diseases for a long time, as well as being developed as the source of herbal preparations until now. The major components from A. capillaris were chlorogenic acid (1) and its derivatives substituted with caffeoyl moieties, such as 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (2) and 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (3), and coumarins, such as scoparone. In the study, four compounds, chlorogenic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid and scoparone (4) in the 70% ethanolic extract of A. capillaris were simultaneously determined by using HPLC-UVD system. This method was validated with the terms of linearity, precious and accuracy according to ICH guidelines. The developed method was successfully applied for the quantitative analysis of Artemisia genus, A. capillaris, A. iwayomogi, A. princeps, and A. argyi, distributed in Korea.

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Keywords: Artemisia capillaris, Artemisia iwayomogi, Artemisia princeps, Artemisia argyi, Scoparone, HPLC-UV

References

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Fig. 1.

Structures of four standards, chlorogenic acid (1), 3,5–dicaffeoylquinic acid (2), 4,5–dicaffeoylquinic acid (3) and scoparone (4), from A. capillaris.

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Fig. 2.

HPLC chromatogram of four standards, chlorogenic acid (1), 3,5–dicaffeoylquinic acid (2), 4,5–dicaffeoylquinic acid (3), scoparone (4), and the 70% ethanolic extract of A. capillaris (5).

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Fig. 3.

UV spectra of four standards, chlorogenic acid (1), 3,5–dicaffeoylquinic acid (2), 4,5–dicaffeoylquinic acid (3) and scoparone (4).

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Fig. 4.

Boxplot of the content of four standards in thirty-one Artemisia genus samples, chlorogenic acid (1), 3,5–dicaffeoylquinic acid (2), 4,5–dicaffeoylquinic acid (3) and scoparone (4).

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Table 1.

Calibration curves for LOD and LOQ of A. capillaris

Compounds	Retention time	Linear regression equation	R²	LOD (µg) LOQ (µg)
CA^a	13.2	y = 25041x − 92.957	0.9997	0.0021 0.0063
3,5-DQA	36.9	y = 36831x − 162.99	0.9999	0.0029 0.0087
4,5-DQA	39.5	y = 29271x − 139.2	0.9999	0.0036 0.0110
SP	41.7	y = 27270x − 29.067	0.9999	0.0006 0.0017

^a CA: chlorogenic acid, 3,5-DQA: 3,5–dicaffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-DQA: 4,5–dicaffeoylquinic acid, SP: scoparone

Table 2.

Precision and accuracy data of standard in A. capillaris

Compounds	Preccision				Accuracy
	Intra day		Inter day		Spiked amount (µg/g)	Accuracy (%)	RSD (%)
	amount (µg/g)	RSD (%)	amount (µg/g)	RSD (%)	Spiked amount (µg/g)	Accuracy (%)	RSD (%)
	3.365	4.499	0.659	3.218	3.508	95.92	4.50
CA^a	3.072	1.409	1.489	1.420	3.000	102.41	1.41
	2.488	0.090	2.922	2.762	2.500	99.54	0.09
	3.347	1.796	0.600	0.675	3.523	95.02	1.80
3,5-DQA	2.988	1.839	1.422	5.617	3.023	98.87	1.84
	2.455	1.501	3.002	2.573	2.523	97.33	1.50
	0.746	0.966	0.143	1.276	0.806	92.52	0.97
4,5-DQA	0.525	0.691	0.304	5.096	0.556	94.38	0.69
	0.389	1.208	0.618	5.480	0.406	95.75	1.21
	0.806	1.487	0.132	0.934	0.788	102.27	1.49
SP	0.560	0.884	0.318	6.099	0.538	104.07	0.88
	0.406	1.019	0.625	4.106	0.388	104.65	1.02

^a CA: chlorogenic acid, 3,5-DQA: 3,5–dicaffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-DQA: 4,5–dicaffeoylquinic acid, SP: scoparone

Table 3.

The amounts of four standards, CA, 3,5-DQA, 4,5-DQA and SP from Artemisia genus

	Mean ± SD (µg/g)
	CA^a	3,5-DQA	4,5-DQA	SP
AC-1^b	2.83 ± 0.07	3.11 ± 0.05	0.64 ± 0.01	0.61 ± 0.05
AC-2	2.99 ± 0.06	3.25 ± 0.07	0.65 ± 0.01	0.63 ± 0.07
AC-3	2.86 ± 0.07	3.01 ± 0.08	0.62 ± 0.01	0.63 ± 0.01
AC-4	1.49 ± 0.03	1.95 ± 0.03	0.89 ± 0.01	0.89 ± 0.01
AC-5	1.08 ± 0.06	1.64 ± 0.07	0.67 ± 0.02	0.74 ± 0.02
AI-1	2.18 ± 0.01	4.00 ± 0.01	2.06 ± 0.01	n.d.^c
AI-2	1.96 ± 0.06	6.03 ± 0.17	2.77 ± 0.05	n.d
AI-3	1.67 ± 0.03	4.18 ± 0.13	1.42 ± 0.02	n.d
AI-4	1.39 ± 0.03	2.05 ± 0.04	1.00 ± 0.01	n.d
AI-5	1.06 ± 0.02	3.17 ± 0.06	2.01 ± 0.02	n.d
AI-6	1.47 ± 0.02	3.47 ± 0.09	2.45 ± 0.04	n.d
AI-7	1.10 ± 0.00	3.07 ± 0.00	1.08 ± 0.01	n.d
AI-8	1.34 ± 0.04	3.73 ± 0.09	2.49 ± 0.04	n.d
AI-9	1.17 ± 0.02	0.84 ± 0.02	1.75 ± 0.02	n.d
AI-10	1.22 ± 0.05	3.81 ± 0.08	2.59 ± 0.03	n.d
AI-11	2.36 ± 0.06	7.17 ± 0.01	1.93 ± 0.00	n.d
AI-12	2.46 ± 0.02	7.35 ± 0.05	2.07 ± 0.01	n.d
AI-13	2.40 ± 0.01	6.88 ± 0.03	1.97 ± 0.01	n.d
AI-14	1.49 ± 0.04	3.89 ± 0.05	1.47 ± 0.01	n.d
AI-15	1.62 ± 0.03	4.36 ± 0.07	1.66 ± 0.02	n.d
AI-16	1.71 ± 0.08	4.15 ± 0.07	1.56 ± 0.02	n.d
AP-1	1.08 ± 0.06	1.93 ± 0.01	1.84 ± 0.01	n.d
AP-2	0.33 ± 0.01	1.00 ± 0.01	0.99 ± 0.00	n.d
AP-3	1.25 ± 0.07	1.80 ± 0.01	1.74 ± 0.00	n.d
AP-4	0.54 ± 0.03	0.92 ± 0.02	1.11 ± 0.02	n.d
AP-5	1.02 ± 0.02	1.62 ± 0.04	1.45 ± 0.02	n.d
AP-6	1.15 ± 0.09	2.28 ± 0.09	1.61 ± 0.05	n.d
AP-7	0.49 ± 0.00	1.45 ± 0.03	0.98 ± 0.01	n.d
AP-8	0.40 ± 0.01	1.25 ± 0.01	0.75 ± 0.01	n.d
AA-1	0.32 ± 0.01	0.52 ± 0.01	0.58 ± 0.01	n.d
AA-2	0.35 ± 0.01	1.03 ± 0.03	0.76 ± 0.01	n.d

^a CA: chlorogenic acid, 3,5-DQA: 3,5–dicaffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-DQA: 4,5–dicaffeoylquinic acid, SP: scoparone

^b AC: Artemisia capillaris, AI: Artemisia iwayomogi, AP: Artemisia princeps, AA: Artemisia argyi

^C n.d: not detected

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