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Abstract
Purpose
This study analyzed the muscle activity changes induced by motions of reaching forward and chest expansion that were examined from the bilateral muscles with rectus abdominis, external oblique, multifidus, and longissimus thoracic using Pilates cadillac instrument.
Methods
Nine young adult women, who have no musculoskeletal disorder and any of chronic diseases, were participated. Surface electromyography system was used for recording of all signals produced by muscles, and then normalized as percentage of maximum voluntary isometric contraction (%MVIC). The paired t-test and repeated measures of analysis of variance was performed.
Results
Reaching-forward motion showed a higher muscle activity from non-dominant external oblique muscle than that of the chest-expansion motion. During both reaching-forward motion and chest-expansion motion, MVIC values collected from dominant side of external oblique muscle were shown a significantly lower than the values obtained from non-dominant side (p<0.05). Conversely, %MVIC values in external oblique muscle collected from dominant side showed a significantly higher than the values obtained from non-dominant side of the same oblique muscle (p<0.05). Reaching-forward motion was caused a higher %MVIC on non-dominant external oblique muscle than that of the chest-expansion motion (p<0.05). Regardless of dominant or non-dominant sides, external oblique muscle was shown the highest activation rate of all the other muscles during reaching forward action, and longissimus thoracic muscle was shown the highest activation rate of all the other muscles during chest expansion action.
Figures and Tables
Fig. 2
A measurement of voluntary maximal isometric contraction. (A) Rectus abdominis and external obliques. (B) Multifidus and longissimus thoracis.
Fig. 3
Location of surface electromyography sensor attachment. (A) Rectus abdominis and external obliques. (B) Multifidus and longissimus thoracis.
Fig. 4
Comparison of electromyography (EMG) activation from the muscles between dominant and non-dominant, and between ventral region and dorsal region. Rec Abd: rectus abdominis, D: dominant, N: non-dominant, Ext Obl: external obliques, Longi Thor: longissimus thoracis, Multi: multifidus. **Significant difference to the mode of operation (p<0.01).
Table 2
Comparison of muscle activations during reaching forward movement between dominant and non-dominant body sides while maximal voluntary isometric contraction was performing
Table 3
Comparison of muscle activations during the chest expansion movement between dominant and non-dominant body sides while maximal voluntary isometric contraction was performing
Table 5
%MVIC comparison between muscles according to movement type (n=7)
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation. The unit of values is %MVIC.
%MVIC, percentage of maximum voluntary isometric contraction, D: dominant, N: non-dominant.
aSignificantly different to rectus abdominis (p<0.05); bSignificantly different to external oblique (p<0.05); abSignificantly different to rectus abdominis and external oblique (p<0.05).
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