Journal List > J Korean Acad Nurs > v.48(3) > 1108865

Jo and Shin: Effect of Breathing Exercise Using Panflutes on the Postoperative Compliance, Pulmonary Infections and Life Satisfaction in Elderly Patients Undergoing Spinal Surgery

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of breathing exercises performed using panflutes in elderly patients undergoing spinal surgery.

Methods

The study design was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized pre-post test. The study included 24 patients in both the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group completed a daily breathing exercise regimen using panflutes for 30minutes after meals, whereas the control group was provided standard preoperative education, including breathing exercises using incentive spirometers. After the exercise regimen, breathing exercise compliance, pulmonary infections, and life satisfaction were measured in both groups, and the data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN program.

Results

The compliance rate of breathing exercises was significantly higher in the experimental group. The experimental group presented no pulmonary infections in the later period, whereas the control group presented higher pulmonary infection rates in the same period. In addition, the life satisfaction score in the experimental group significantly increased.

Conclusion

The breathing exercise program using panflutes for elderly patients undergoing spinal surgery enhanced their breathing exercise compliance and their daily life satisfaction in addition to reducing their pulmonary infection rates.

References

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Figure 1.
Flow diagram of study participants.
jkan-48-279f1.tif
Figure 2.
Research procedure.
jkan-48-279f2.tif
Figure 3.
Clinical pulmonary infection score.
jkan-48-279f3.tif
Table 1.
Homogeneity Test for General Characteristics and Outcome Variable between the Two Groups (N=48)
Characteristics Exp. (n=24) N (%)/(M±SD) Cont. (n=24) N (%)/(M±SD) Z/t p
Gender Male 11 (45.8) 5 (20.8) 3.37 .066
Female 13 (54.2) 19 (79.2)
Occupation Employed 20 (83.4) 23 (95.8) 6.37 .272
Unemployed 4 (16.6) 1 (4.2)
Education Less than Elementary school 12 (50.0) 9 (37.6) 5.03 .412
Middle school 6 (25.0) 5 (20.8)
More than high school 6 (25.0) 10 (41.6)
Religion Catholic 6 (25.0) 4 (16.6) 3.35 .340
Christianity 4 (16.6) 9 (37.6)
Buddhism 3 (12.4) 4 (16.6)
None 11 (46.0) 7 (29.2)
Age†† 70.04±3.96 71.13±5.85 -0.75 .456
Past history of illness Present 21 (87.6) 19 (79.2) 0.60 .439
None 3 (12.4) 5 (20.8)
BMI kg/m2 25.48±4.60 24.54±3.16 -0.83 .413
Preoperative life satisfaction†† 22.46±5.36 19.71±5.52 -1.75 .087

M=Mean; SD=Standard deviation; Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group; BMI=Body Mass Index.

Fisher’s exact test;

†† Independent t-test.

Table 2.
Effects of Panflute Training on Compliance Rate and Life Satisfaction (N=48)
Variables Day Exp M±SD Cont. M±SD t p
Performance rate: Self-rating Overall 2.32±0.55 1.41±0.62 -5.35 <.001
Postop 1 2.50±0.66 1.79±0.93
Postop 2 2.38±0.71 1.83±0.87
Postop 3 2.42±0.65 1.63±0.77
Postop 4 2.46±0.66 1.50±0.93
Postop 5 2.33±0.76 1.33±0.82
Postop 6 2.21±0.66 1.13±0.90
Postop 7 2.00±1.14 0.71±0.91
Performance rate: Evaluator rating Overall 15.58±4.14 8.82±3.62 -6.01 <.001
Postop 1 17.46±6.20 10.63±5.96
Postop 2 16.00±5.45 11.63±5.65
Postop 3 15.38±5.63 10.17±4.83
Postop 4 16.58±5.43 9.13±5.90
Postop 5 16.00±5.82 8.42±4.84
Postop 6 14.83±4.98 7.50±6.49
Postop 7 12.88±7.96 4.33±5.53
Life satisfaction Pretest 22.45±5.35 19.70±5.52 -1.75 .087
Posttest 25.29±4.58 21.54±5.12 -2.67 .010
Table 3.
Effects of Panflute Training on Clinical Pulmonary Infection Rate (%) (N=48)
1day 2day 3day 4day 5day 6day 7day total t(p)
Exp. (n=24) Temperature 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Blood leukocyte 0 2.1 2.1 0 0 0 0 4.2
Tracheal secretions 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Oxygenation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pulmonary radiography 0 4.2 4.2 0 0 0 0 8.4
Culture of tracheal aspirate specimen 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Exp. total 0 6.3 6.3 0 0 0 0 12.6 0.69
Cont. total 4.2 6.3 6.3 0 4.2 4.2 4.2 29.4 (.489)
Cont. (n=24) Temperature 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Blood leukocyte 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tracheal secretions 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Oxygenation 4.2 4.2 4.2 0 0 0 0 12.6
Pulmonary radiography 0 2.1 2.1 0 4.2 4.2 4.2 16.8
Culture of tracheal aspirate specimen 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group.

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