Effect of Breathing Exercise Using Panflutes on the Postoperative Compliance, Pulmonary Infections and Life Satisfaction in Elderly Patients Undergoing Spinal Surgery

Hyun Mi Jo; Hyunsook Shin

doi:10.4040/jkan.2018.48.3.279

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Jo and Shin: Effect of Breathing Exercise Using Panflutes on the Postoperative Compliance, Pulmonary Infections and Life Satisfaction in Elderly Patients Undergoing Spinal Surgery

Original Article

J Korean Acad Nurs 2018;48(3):279-288.

Published online: 15 January 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2018.48.3.279

Effect of Breathing Exercise Using Panflutes on the Postoperative Compliance, Pulmonary Infections and Life Satisfaction in Elderly Patients Undergoing Spinal Surgery

Hyun Mi Jo, Hyunsook Shin

College of Nursing Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea

Address reprint requests to : Shin, Hyunsook College of Nursing Science, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyunghee-daero, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea Tel: +82-2-961-9141 Fax: +82-2-961-9358 E-mail: hsshin@khu.ac.kr

Received 21 November 2017 Revised 22 April 2018 Accepted 23 April 2018

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NoDerivs License. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0) If the original work is properly cited and retained without any modification or reproduction, it can be used and re-distributed in any format and medium.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of breathing exercises performed using panflutes in elderly patients undergoing spinal surgery.

Methods

The study design was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized pre-post test. The study included 24 patients in both the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group completed a daily breathing exercise regimen using panflutes for 30minutes after meals, whereas the control group was provided standard preoperative education, including breathing exercises using incentive spirometers. After the exercise regimen, breathing exercise compliance, pulmonary infections, and life satisfaction were measured in both groups, and the data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN program.

Results

The compliance rate of breathing exercises was significantly higher in the experimental group. The experimental group presented no pulmonary infections in the later period, whereas the control group presented higher pulmonary infection rates in the same period. In addition, the life satisfaction score in the experimental group significantly increased.

Conclusion

The breathing exercise program using panflutes for elderly patients undergoing spinal surgery enhanced their breathing exercise compliance and their daily life satisfaction in addition to reducing their pulmonary infection rates.

Keywords: Work of Breathing, Postoperative Complication, Personal Satisfaction, Patient Compliance

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Figure 1.

Flow diagram of study participants.

Figure 2.

Research procedure.

Figure 3.

Clinical pulmonary infection score.

Table 1.

Homogeneity Test for General Characteristics and Outcome Variable between the Two Groups (N=48)

Characteristics		Exp. (n=24) N (%)/(M±SD)	Cont. (n=24) N (%)/(M±SD)	Z/t	p
Gender^†	Male	11 (45.8)	5 (20.8)	3.37	.066
	Female	13 (54.2)	19 (79.2)
Occupation^†	Employed	20 (83.4)	23 (95.8)	6.37	.272
	Unemployed	4 (16.6)	1 (4.2)
Education	Less than Elementary school	12 (50.0)	9 (37.6)	5.03	.412
	Middle school	6 (25.0)	5 (20.8)
	More than high school	6 (25.0)	10 (41.6)
Religion^†	Catholic	6 (25.0)	4 (16.6)	3.35	.340
	Christianity	4 (16.6)	9 (37.6)
	Buddhism	3 (12.4)	4 (16.6)
	None	11 (46.0)	7 (29.2)
Age^††		70.04±3.96	71.13±5.85	-0.75	.456
Past history of illness	Present	21 (87.6)	19 (79.2)	0.60	.439
	None	3 (12.4)	5 (20.8)
BMI^† kg/m²		25.48±4.60	24.54±3.16	-0.83	.413
Preoperative life satisfaction^††		22.46±5.36	19.71±5.52	-1.75	.087

M=Mean; SD=Standard deviation; Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group; BMI=Body Mass Index.

^† Fisher’s exact test;

^†† Independent t-test.

Table 2.

Effects of Panflute Training on Compliance Rate and Life Satisfaction (N=48)

Variables	Day	Exp M±SD	Cont. M±SD	t	p
Performance rate: Self-rating	Overall	2.32±0.55	1.41±0.62	-5.35	<.001
	Postop 1	2.50±0.66	1.79±0.93
	Postop 2	2.38±0.71	1.83±0.87
	Postop 3	2.42±0.65	1.63±0.77
	Postop 4	2.46±0.66	1.50±0.93
	Postop 5	2.33±0.76	1.33±0.82
	Postop 6	2.21±0.66	1.13±0.90
	Postop 7	2.00±1.14	0.71±0.91
Performance rate: Evaluator rating	Overall	15.58±4.14	8.82±3.62	-6.01	<.001
	Postop 1	17.46±6.20	10.63±5.96
	Postop 2	16.00±5.45	11.63±5.65
	Postop 3	15.38±5.63	10.17±4.83
	Postop 4	16.58±5.43	9.13±5.90
	Postop 5	16.00±5.82	8.42±4.84
	Postop 6	14.83±4.98	7.50±6.49
	Postop 7	12.88±7.96	4.33±5.53
Life satisfaction	Pretest	22.45±5.35	19.70±5.52	-1.75	.087
	Posttest	25.29±4.58	21.54±5.12	-2.67	.010

Table 3.

Effects of Panflute Training on Clinical Pulmonary Infection Rate (%) (N=48)

		1day	2day	3day	5day	6day	7day	total	t(p)
Exp. (n=24)	Temperature	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Blood leukocyte	0	2.1	2.1	0	0	0	4.2
	Tracheal secretions	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Oxygenation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Pulmonary radiography	0	4.2	4.2	0	0	0	8.4
	Culture of tracheal aspirate specimen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Exp. total	0	6.3	6.3	0	0	0	12.6	0.69
	Cont. total	4.2	6.3	6.3	4.2	4.2	4.2	29.4	(.489)
Cont. (n=24)	Temperature	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Blood leukocyte	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Tracheal secretions	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Oxygenation	4.2	4.2	4.2	0	0	0	12.6
	Pulmonary radiography	0	2.1	2.1	4.2	4.2	4.2	16.8
	Culture of tracheal aspirate specimen	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Exp.=Experimental group; Cont.=Control group.

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