1. Podolsky DK. Inflammatory bowel disease. N Engl J Med. 2002; 347(6):417–429.
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
2. Pariente B, Laharie D. Review article: why, when and how to de-escalate therapy in inflammatory bowel diseases. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2014; 40(4):338–353.
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
3. Jogie-Brahim S, Feldman D, Oh Y. Unraveling insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 actions in human disease. Endocr Rev. 2009; 30(5):417–437.
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
4. Han J, Jogie-Brahim S, Harada A, Oh Y. Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 suppresses tumor growth via activation of caspase-dependent apoptosis and cross-talk with NF-κB signaling. Cancer Lett. 2011; 307(2):200–210.
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
5. Lee HS, Woo SJ, Koh HW, Ka SO, Zhou L, Jang KY, et al. Regulation of apoptosis and inflammatory responses by insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 in fibroblast-like synoviocytes and experimental animal models of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2014; 66(4):863–873.
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
6. Lee YC, Jogie-Brahim S, Lee DY, Han J, Harada A, Murphy LJ, et al. Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) blocks the effects of asthma by negatively regulating NF-κB signaling through IGFBP-3R-mediated activation of caspases. J Biol Chem. 2011; 286(20):17898–17909.
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
7. Cho JH. The genetics and immunopathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Nat Rev Immunol. 2008; 8(6):458–466.
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
8. Plevy SE, Landers CJ, Prehn J, Carramanzana NM, Deem RL, Shealy D, et al. A role for TNF-alpha and mucosal T helper-1 cytokines in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease. J Immunol. 1997; 159(12):6276–6282.
9. Bonner GF. Using COX-2 inhibitors in IBD: anti-inflammatories inflame a controversy. Am J Gastroenterol. 2002; 97(4):783–785.
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
10. Eivindson M, Grønbaek H, Flyvbjerg A, Frystyk J, Zimmermann-Nielsen E, Dahlerup JF. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-system in active ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease: relations to disease activity and corticosteroid treatment. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2007; 17(1):33–40.
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
11. Katsanos KH, Tsatsoulis A, Christodoulou D, Challa A, Katsaraki A, Tsianos EV. Reduced serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and IGF-binding protein-3 levels in adults with inflammatory bowel disease. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2001; 11(6):364–367.
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
12. Eivindson M, Grønbaek H, Skogstrand K, Thorsen P, Frystyk J, Flyvbjerg A, et al. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system and its relation to infliximab treatment in adult patients with Crohn's disease. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2007; 42(4):464–470.
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
13. He TC, Zhou S, da Costa LT, Yu J, Kinzler KW, Vogelstein B. A simplified system for generating recombinant adenoviruses. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1998; 95(5):2509–2514.
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
14. Firth SM, Ganeshprasad U, Poronnik P, Cook DI, Baxter RC. Adenoviral-mediated expression of human insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3. Protein Expr Purif. 1999; 16(1):202–211.
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
15. Mähler M, Bristol IJ, Leiter EH, Workman AE, Birkenmeier EH, Elson CO, et al. Differential susceptibility of inbred mouse strains to dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. Am J Physiol. 1998; 274(3 Pt 1):G544–G551.
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
16. Murthy SN, Cooper HS, Shim H, Shah RS, Ibrahim SA, Sedergran DJ. Treatment of dextran sulfate sodium-induced murine colitis by intracolonic cyclosporin. Dig Dis Sci. 1993; 38(9):1722–1734.
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
17. Bento AF, Marcon R, Dutra RC, Claudino RF, Cola M, Leite DF, et al. β-Caryophyllene inhibits dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice through CB2 receptor activation and PPARγ pathway. Am J Pathol. 2011; 178(3):1153–1166.
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
18. Jones JI, Clemmons DR. Insulin-like growth factors and their binding proteins: biological actions. Endocr Rev. 1995; 16(1):3–34.
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
19. Lee KW, Ma L, Yan X, Liu B, Zhang XK, Cohen P. Rapid apoptosis induction by IGFBP-3 involves an insulin-like growth factor-independent nucleomitochondrial translocation of RXRalpha/Nur77. J Biol Chem. 2005; 280(17):16942–16948.
20. Butt AJ, Dickson KA, Jambazov S, Baxter RC. Enhancement of tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced growth inhibition by insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-5 (IGFBP-5), but not IGFBP-3 in human breast cancer cells. Endocrinology. 2005; 146(7):3113–3122.
21. Poronnik P, O'Mullane LM, Harding EA, Greger R, Cook DI. Use of replication deficient adenoviruses to investigate the role of G proteins in Ca2+ signalling in epithelial cells. Cell Calcium. 1998; 24(2):97–103.
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
22. Lee HY, Chun KH, Liu B, Wiehle SA, Cristiano RJ, Hong WK, et al. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 inhibits the growth of non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Res. 2002; 62(12):3530–3537.
23. Yi HK, Kim SY, Hwang PH, Kim CY, Yang DH, Oh Y, et al. Impact of PTEN on the expression of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and IGF-binding proteins in human gastric adenocarcinoma cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005; 330(3):760–767.
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
24. Kim MS, Kim SY, Arunachalam S, Hwang PH, Yi HK, Nam SY, et al. c-myb stimulates cell growth by regulation of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and IGF-binding protein-3 in K562 leukemia cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2009; 385(1):38–43.
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
25. Benchimol EI, Seow CH, Steinhart AH, Griffiths AM. Traditional corticosteroids for induction of remission in Crohn's disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008; 16(2):CD006792.
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
26. Hyams J, Crandall W, Kugathasan S, Griffiths A, Olson A, Johanns J, et al. Induction and maintenance infliximab therapy for the treatment of moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease in children. Gastroenterology. 2007; 132(3):863–873.
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
27. Shishodia S, Aggarwal BB. Nuclear factor-kappaB activation: a question of life or death. J Biochem Mol Biol. 2002; 35(1):28–40.
28. Aupperle KR, Bennett BL, Boyle DL, Tak PP, Manning AM, Firestein GS. NF-kappa B regulation by I kappa B kinase in primary fibroblast-like synoviocytes. J Immunol. 1999; 163(1):427–433.
29. van den Brink GR, ten Kate FJ, Ponsioen CY, Rive MM, Tytgat GN, van Deventer SJ, et al. Expression and activation of NF-kappa B in the antrum of the human stomach. J Immunol. 2000; 164(6):3353–3359.
30. Neurath MF, Fuss I, Schürmann G, Pettersson S, Arnold K, Müller-Lobeck H, et al. Cytokine gene transcription by NF-kappa B family members in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1998; 859:149–159.
31. Sawczenko A, Ballinger AB, Savage MO, Sanderson IR. Clinical features affecting final adult height in patients with pediatric-onset Crohn's disease. Pediatrics. 2006; 118(1):124–129.
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
32. Thayu M, Denson LA, Shults J, Zemel BS, Burnham JM, Baldassano RN, et al. Determinants of changes in linear growth and body composition in incident pediatric Crohn's disease. Gastroenterology. 2010; 139(2):430–438.
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
33. Rao A, Standing JF, Naik S, Savage MO, Sanderson IR. Mathematical modelling to restore circulating IGF-1 concentrations in children with Crohn's disease-induced growth failure: a pharmacokinetic study. BMJ Open. 2013; 3(5):e002737.
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
34. Han X, Sosnowska D, Bonkowski EL, Denson LA. Growth hormone inhibits signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 activation and reduces disease activity in murine colitis. Gastroenterology. 2005; 129(1):185–203.
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)