Comparison of Anterior Segment Features between Groups with or without Glaucoma in Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome

Bon Hyeok Gu; Sangkyung Choi

doi:10.3341/jkos.2018.59.11.1049

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Gu and Choi: Comparison of Anterior Segment Features between Groups with or without Glaucoma in Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome

Original Article

Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society 2018; 59(11): 1049-1055.

Published online: 16 November 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2018.59.11.1049

Comparison of Anterior Segment Features between Groups with or without Glaucoma in Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome

Bon Hyeok Gu, MD, Sangkyung Choi, MD, PhD

Department of Ophthalmology, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.

Address reprint requests to Sangkyung Choi, MD, PhD. Department of Ophthalmology, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, #53 Jinhwangdo-ro 61-gil, Gangdong-gu, Seoul 05368, Korea. Tel: 82-2-2225-1379, Fax: 82-2-2225-1485, drskchoi@hanmail.net

Received 26 July 2018 Revised 14 August 2018 Accepted 18 October 2018

The Korean Ophthalmological Society

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

To investigate the factors associated with glaucoma in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome by comparing features of the anterior segments and ocular biometry according to the presence or absence of open-angle glaucoma in pseudoexfoliation syndrome.

Methods

We analyzed 96 patients (115 eyes) diagnosed as having pseudoexfoliation syndrome in this study. The patients were divided into two groups of simple pseudoexfoliation syndrome (64 patients, 76 eyes) and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (32 patients, 39 eyes). We compared the age, sex, underlying disease, location of pseudoexfoliative material, iris change, degree of nuclear cataract, pupil dilatation, corneal endothelial cell counts, central corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, axial length, corneal curvature, and intraocular pressure (IOP).

Results

There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of age (p = 0.694), sex (p = 0.161), diabetes (p = 0.440), hypertension (p = 0.238), pseudoexfoliative material observed in anterior capsule (p = 0.700), pupillary margin (p = 0.210), iris depigmentation (p = 0.526), pupillary ruff loss (p = 0.708), degree of nuclear cataract (p = 0.617), pupil dilatation (p = 0.526), central corneal thickness (p = 0.097), anterior chamber depth (p = 0.283), axial length (p = 0.095), or horizontal and vertical corneal curvature (p = 0.066 and 0.306, respectively). In pseudoexfoliation glaucoma, significantly higher IOP (p = 0.026), a high frequency of membrane formation (p = 0.047), and decreased corneal endothelial cell counts (p = 0.048) were observed.

Conclusions

Pseudoexfoliation syndrome with open-angle glaucoma was shown to be associated with high IOP, decreased corneal endothelial cell counts, and a high frequency of membrane formation. Therefore, when such changes are observed in pseudoexfoliation syndrome patients, a higher risk of open-angle glaucoma should be recognized, and careful attentionis required accordingly.

Keywords: Corneal endothelial cell counts, Glaucoma, Intraocular pressure (IOP), Pseudoexfoliation syndrome, Pupil

Figures and Tables

Figure 1

Features of pupil margin without mydriasis with pseudoexfoliation syndrome. Iris sphincter depigmentation (A), membrane formation (B), pupillary ruff loss (C) are shown (arrow).

Table 1

The characteristics of patients with and without glaucoma in pseudoexfoliation syndrome

Values are presented as mean ± SD unless otherwise indicated.

^*Pearson's Chi-square test; ^†Independent t-test; ^‡Fischer's exact test.

Table 2

Comparison of the anterior segment without mydriasis between groups with and without glaucoma in pseudoexfoliation syndrome

Values are presented as n (%) unless otherwise indicated.

^*Pearson's Chi-square test.

Table 3

Comparison of nuclear hardness (LOCS III) between groups with and without glaucoma in pseudoexfoliation syndrome

LOCS III = Lens Opacities Classification System III.

^*Fischer's exact test.

Table 4

Comparison of pupil dilatation between groups with and without glaucoma in pseudoexfoliation syndrome

^*Fischer's exact test.

Table 5

Comparison of ocular biometric measurements between groups with and without glaucoma in pseudoexfoliation syndrome

Values are presented as mean ± SD unless otherwise indicated.

IOP = intraocular pressure; ECC = endothelial cell count; CCT = central corneal thickness; ACD = anterior chamber depth; AL = axial length; CC = corneal curvature; D = diopter.

^*Independent t-test.

Notes

This study was supported by a VHS Medical Center Research Grant, Republic of Korea 2018 (grant number: VHSMC 18018).

^{Conflicts of Interest} The authors have no conflicts to disclose.

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