Journal List > J Korean Acad Nurs > v.48(5) > 1106706

Park and Lee: Comparison of Effects of Oral Health Program and Walking Exercise Program on Health Outcomes for Pregnant Women

Abstract

Purpose

To compare the effects of the Interaction Model of Client Health Behavior (IMCHB)-based oral health program (OHP) and walking exercise program (WEP) on oral health behaviors, periodontal disease, physical activity, and psychological indicators (depression, stress, and quality of life) in pregnant women.

Methods

A nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was adopted to compare the effects of a 12-week OHP and WEP on pregnant women (n=65). Pregnant women were randomly assigned to the oral health group (OHG; n=23), walking exercise group (WEG; n=21), or control group (CG; n=21). Data were analyzed by the χ2-test, Fisher's exact test, Scheffe test, and repeated measures ANOVA, using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences for Windows (version 21.0).

Results

The OHG and WEG showed significant improvements in oral health behaviors, periodontal disease, and psychological indicators as compared to the CG. The WEG showed significant improvement in physical activity as compared to the OHG and CG.

Conclusion

These findings indicate that the IMCHB-based OHP and WEP were effective in improving periodontal disease, physical activity, and psychological indicators. However, further studies are needed to identify the positive effects of the OHP and WEP on birth outcomes.

Figures and Tables

Figure 1

Flow chart of the study.

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Table 1

Action Plans of Cox's Interaction Model of Client Health Behavior (IMCHB) for Oral Health and Walking Exercise Groups

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Table 2

Contents of the Oral Health and Walking Exercise Programs

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aOral health group; bWalking exercise group; cControl group.

Table 3

Homogeneity Test for Characteristics of the Pregnant Women (N=65)

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GP=Group; Cont.=Control group; IPAQ=International Physical Activity Questionnaire; M=Mean; SD=Standard deviation.

Table 4

Effects of the Oral Health and Walking Programs on Health Outcomes of the Pregnant Women (N=65)

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an=23, bn=21, cn=21; M=mean; SD: standard deviation; IPAQ=International Physical Activity Questionnaire.

Notes

This manuscript is a revision of the first author's doctoral dissertation from Pusan National University.

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST The authors declared no conflict of interest.

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TOOLS
ORCID iDs

Hae-jin Park
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9169-4017

Haejung Lee
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0291-9945

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