Effects of a Maternal Role Adjustment Program on First-time Mothers

Su Jeong Kim; Ji Min Seo

doi:10.4069/kjwhn.2018.24.3.322

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Kim and Seo: Effects of a Maternal Role Adjustment Program on First-time Mothers

Original Article

Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing 2018; 24(3): 322-332.

Published online: 20 September 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4069/kjwhn.2018.24.3.322

Effects of a Maternal Role Adjustment Program on First-time Mothers

Su Jeong Kim¹

, Ji Min Seo²

¹Graduate Student, College of Nursing, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.

²Professor, College of Nursing, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.

Corresponding author: Seo, Ji Min. College of Nursing, Pusan National University, 49 Pusandaehak-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Korea. Tel: +82-51-510-8351, Fax: +82-51-510-8308, seojimin@pusan.ac.kr

Received 8 August 2018 Revised 1 September 2018 Accepted 4 September 2018

Korean Society of Women Health Nursing

(open-access):

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

To investigate the effect of a maternal role adjustment program on first-time mothers.

Methods

The research was quasi-experimental with a non-equivalent control group non-synchronized design. Participants were first-time mothers admitted to two postpartum clinics at women's hospitals. The experimental group had 38 mothers and the control group had 35 mothers. A maternal role adjustment program was applied individually to the experimental group between the 1st and 2nd weeks after childbirth. Assessing Adaptation to Motherhood, Semantic Differential Scale-Myself as Mother, and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale were used to measure effects of the program. A pre-test was conducted in the 1st week after childbirth while post-tests were conducted in the 4th and 6th weeks. Data were analyzed with χ² test, Fisher's exact test, t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS 24.0.

Results

Maternal role adjustment (F=6.17, p=.015) and maternal identity (F=6.63, p=.012) were significantly increased in the experimental group compared to those in the control group. However, the difference in postpartum depression (F=1.11, p=.335) was not statistically significant between the two groups.

Conclusion

The maternal role adjustment program can be utilized as an effective nursing intervention program to enhance maternal role adjustment and maternal identity for first-time mothers.

Keywords: Maternal behavior, Mother-child interaction, Postpartum depression, Psychological adaptation

Figures and Tables

Table 1

Maternal Role Adjustment Program for First-Time Mothers

Table 2

Homogeneity Test for Subjects' Characteristics (N=73)

Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group; ^†Fisher's exact test.

Table 3

Homogeneity Test for Dependent Variables (N=73)

Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group.

Table 4

Effects of Maternal Role Adjustment Program on Maternal Role Adjustment, Maternal Identity, and Postpartum Depression (N=73)

Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group.

Notes

This article is a condensed form of the first author's master's thesis from Pusan National University.

^{Conflict of Interest} The authors declared no conflict of interest.

Summary Statement

▪ What is already known about this topic?

Achieving maternal attachment and maternal identity and developing a sense of well-being are regarded as critical components of maternal adjustment for first-time mothers.

▪ What this paper adds?

The maternal role adjustment program is effective for enhancing maternal role adjustment and maternal identity of first-time mothers.

▪ Implications for practice, education and/or policy

The maternal role adjustment program provided at postpartum clinics of women's hospitals is a nursing intervention that can enhance maternal role adjustment and maternal identity of first-time mothers.

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ORCID iDs

Su Jeong Kim
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4870-3894

Ji Min Seo
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1182-0800

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