Multiplex PCR Based Epidemiological Study for the Causes of Acute Diarrheal Disease in Adults Living in Jeju Island

Kyutaeg Lee; Dae Soon Kim; Moo Sang Chong

doi:10.5145/ACM.2021.21.1.1

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Lee, Kim, and Chong: Multiplex PCR Based Epidemiological Study for the Causes of Acute Diarrheal Disease in Adults Living in Jeju Island

Original Article

Ann Clin Microbiol 2018;21(1):1-7.

Published online: 12 March 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5145/ACM.2021.21.1.1

Multiplex PCR Based Epidemiological Study for the Causes of Acute Diarrheal Disease in Adults Living in Jeju Island

Kyutaeg Lee¹, Dae Soon Kim², Moo Sang Chong³

^¹Department of Laboratory Medicine, Cheju Halla General Hospital, Jeju, Korea

^²Infection Control Service Team, Cheju Halla General Hospital, Jeju, Korea

^³Department of Clinical Pathology, Cheju Halla University, Jeju, Korea

Correspondence: Moo Sang Chong, Department of Clinical Pathology, Cheju Halla University, 38 Halladaehak-ro, Jeju 63092, Korea. (Tel) 82-64-741-6732, (Fax) 82-64-741-6729, (E-mail) chong@chu.ac.kr

Received 28 August 2017 Revised 24 October 2017 Accepted 27 October 2017

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Background

We attempted to determine the characteristics of diarrheal pathogens according to species, seasonal variations, and patient age using multiplex PCR for the epidemiologic study of diarrheal disease in Jeju Island.

Methods

From March 2015 to Feb 2017, stool specimens were collected from 537 diarrheal patients older than 16 years. Multiplex PCR was used to identify pathogens and found Group A Rotavirus, enteric Adenovirus, Norovirus GI/GII, Astrovirus, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Vibrio spp., Campylobacter spp., Clostridium difficile toxin B (CDB), Clostridium perfringens, Yersinia enterocolitica, Aeromonas spp., Escherichia coli O157:H7, and verocytotoxin-producing E. coli (VTEC).

Results

Pathogens were isolated from 221 of 537 samples (41.2%); 9.3% were positive only for viral pathogens; 30.2%, only for bacterial pathogens; and 1.7%, for both viral and bacterial pathogens. Bacteria were more prevalent in spring, summer, and autumn, but viral pathogens were more prevalent in winter. Overall prevalence were Campylobacter spp. (26.7%), Clostridium perfringens (23.9%); Norovirus GII (11.4%), CDB (8.2%), Aeromonas spp. (6.3%), Group A Rotavirus (5.1%), Salmonella spp. (3.9%), Astrovirus (3.9%), Norovirus GI (3.1%), Vibrio spp (2.7%), enteric Adenovirus (1.6%), Shigella spp. (1.2%), VTEC (1.2%), and Yersinia enterocolitica (0.4%). Group A Rotavirus and Norovirus GII were more prevalent in winter and early spring. Campylobacter spp., CDB, and C. perfringens were detected frequently, without seasonal variation.

Conclusion

Bacterial pathogens are more prevalent than viruses in acute diarrhea in adults living in Jeju Island, especially in spring, summer, and autumn. Viral pathogens are prevalent in winter. Campylobacter spp., CDB, and Clostridium perfringens are the major pathogens occurring without seasonal variations. These data will be helpful in identifying diarrheal pathogens and for treatments and prevention strategies.

Keywords: Adult, Diarrhea, Epidemiology, Multiplex PCR

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