Development of Phantom for Evaluate the Suitability of Ir-192 HDR Source with Brachytherapy Tools

Kyo Chul Shin; Sang Gyu Choi; Ki Hwan Kim; Kwang Jae Son; Dong Hyeok Jeong; Jeung Kee Kim

doi:10.14316/pmp.2013.24.3.171

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Shin, Choi, Kim, Son, Jeong, and Kim: Development of Phantom for Evaluate the Suitability of Ir-192 HDR Source with Brachytherapy Tools

Original Article

Progress in Medical Physics 2013;24(3):171-175.

Published online: 17 September 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14316/pmp.2013.24.3.171

Development of Phantom for Evaluate the Suitability of Ir-192 HDR Source with Brachytherapy Tools

Kyo Chul Shin^∗, Sang Gyu Choi^∗, Ki Hwan Kim^†, Kwang Jae Son^‡, Dong Hyeok Jeong^§, Jeung Kee Kim^§

^∗Department of Radiation Oncology, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea

^†Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea

^‡Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon, Korea

^§Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Busan, Korea

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Applicator of various kind of number ten kinds is used to raise from efficiency of brachytherapy to maximum. The compatibility of radiation source and applicator is very important subject for safety brachytherapy. Developed high dose rate brachytherapy source through Hanaro nuclear reactor in Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute and improve compatibility with using equipment in present. In this research, we wished to evaluate stability mechanical safety of radiation source and we developed phantom for evaluate several quality about Ir-192 sealed source that improve newly in Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute and is improved. The result for suitability of Ir-192 HDR source with brachytherapy tools that did normal operation in 2.2∼2.7 cm extent about change of equal curvature and consider change of sudden curvature that did normal operation in radius 1.5∼1.8 cm extent.

Keywords: Ir-192 source, HDR, Brachytherapy, Mechanical safety

REFERENCES

1. AAPM Task Group 41. Remote afterloading technology. American association of physicist in medicine (Report 41), New York. 1993.

2. IAEA TECDOC 1274. Calibration of photon and beta raysources used in brachytherapy, International atomic energy agency, Vienna. 2002.

3. Radiation Protection - Sealed radioactive source - General requirement and classification, ISO-2919: 1999(E).

4. Dimos B, Konstantina G, Dipl J. Comparison of calibration procedures for High dose rate brachytherapy sources. Int J Radit Oncol Biol Phys. 43(3):653–661. 1999.

5. IAEA TECDOC-1079. Calibration of brachytherapy source, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, MD. 1999.

6. ICRU Report 24. Determination of absorbed dose in a patient irradiated by beams of x- or gamma-rays in radiotherapy procedures, International Commission in Radiation Units and Measurements. 1976.

7. 손광재, 정동혁. 국산 근접치료용 Ir-192 선원의 개발 및 실용 화 동향. Progress in Medical Physics. 23(4):326–332. 2012.

8. 정동혁, 이강규, 김수곤, 문성록. 한국원자력연구소에서 개발 한 Ir-192 선원의 감마메드치료기 호환성 연구. 의학물리. 21(1):78–85. 2010.

9. 한현수, 조영갑, 조운갑, 박울재, 최태진. 의료용 Ir-192 강내 조사선원 개발. 동위원소회보. 15(2):27–42. 2000.

Fig. 1.

Applicators for brachytherapy.

Fig. 2.

Design of phantom for curvature test.

Fig. 3.

Phantom which is designed to find optimum condition (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15 cm).

Fig. 4.

Design of phantom that 2 mm applicatior is installed for compatibility estimation with applicator.

Fig. 5.

Design of phantom for flexibility testing.

Fig. 6.

Design of Ir-192 HDR source developed by KAERI (1.1 mm in diameter).

Fig. 7.

Test of source loading in constant or steep variation of curvature.

Table 1.

Operation results and dwell time error in source loading.

Diameter of applicator (cm)		Dwell time error (sec)
Diameter of applicator (cm)	Operation	End point	Dwell points 5 mm
1	X	Impossible	Impossible
2	X	Impossible	Impossible
3	X	Impossible	Impossible
4	O	＜0.2	＜0.2
5	O	0＜0.15	＜0.2
6	O	0＜0.15	＜0.2
8	O	＜0.1	＜0.1
10	O	＜0.1	＜0.1
12	O	＜0.1	＜0.1
15	O	＜0.1	＜0.1

Table 2.

Dwell time error as a function of curvature radius.

	Operation conditions in curvature radius (cm)	Dwell time error (sec)
	Operation conditions in curvature radius (cm)	End point	Dwell points 5 mm
Constant variation of curvature	2.2∼2.7	＜0.15	＜0.20
Steep variation of curvature	1.5∼1.8	＜0.10	＜0.15

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