Knowledge on Blood-Borne Infection, Awareness and Compliance on Blood-Borne Infection Control, and Factors Influencing Compliance among Emergency Nurses

Hye Kyung Kong; Tae Jeong Park; Kyung-Yeon Park

doi:10.14192/kjhaicp.2016.21.2.65

Original Article

Korean J Healthc Assoc Infect Control Prev 2016;21(2):65-73.

Published online: 19 December 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14192/kjhaicp.2016.21.2.65

Knowledge on Blood-Borne Infection, Awareness and Compliance on Blood-Borne Infection Control, and Factors Influencing Compliance among Emergency Nurses

Hye Kyung Kong¹, Tae Jeong Park², Kyung-Yeon Park³

¹Good Samsun Hospital, Busan, Korea

²(Former) Good Samsun Hospital, Busan, Korea

³Department of Nursing, Silla University, Busan, Korea

Correspondence to: Kyung-Yeon Park, Department of Nursing, Silla University, 140 Baegyang-daero, 700beon-gil, Sasang-gu, Busan 46958, Korea Tel: 051-999-5461, Fax: 051-999-6421 E-mail: kypark@silla.ac.kr

Received 13 May 2016 Revised 8 June 2016 Accepted 10 August 2016

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Background

Emergency nurses are at risk of blood-borne infection as they are often exposed to blood and potential infections. The purpose of this study was to identify knowledge of blood-borne infections, awareness and compliance on infection control, and predictors of compliance with infection control among nurses in emergency rooms.

Methods

Participants (N=169) in emergency rooms were recruited in B city from September 26 to October 26, 2012. The emergency nurses' knowledge levels on blood-borne infections and awareness and compliance on infection control were retrospectively investigated.

Results

The significant predictors of compliance on blood-borne infection control among emergency nurses were use of personal protective equipment (β=0.28, P<0.001), awareness on blood-borne infection control (β=0.28, P<0.001), confirmation of whether patients suffered from blood-borne infections prior to nursing care (β=0.26, P<0.001), experience in infection control education (β=0.16, P=0.022), and history of blood exposure (β=-0.14, P=0.040).

Conclusion

The results showed that in addition to improving nurses' personal efforts to prevent blood-borne infections, systematic support in medical administration is needed; this may include preparing standardized assessment forms to distinguish patients with blood-borne infections at the first hospital visit and increasing use of personal protective equipment for blood-borne infection control.

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Keywords: Blood borne, Emergency, Infection control, Nurse

Table 1.

Knowledge of blood borne infection, awareness and compliance with blood borne infection control by participants characteristics (N=169)

Variables		N (%)^*	Knowledge of blood borne infection			Awareness with blood borne infection control			Compliance with blood borne infection control
Variables		N (%)^*	M±SD	t/F	P (Scheffe)	M±SD	t/F	P (Scheffe)	M±SD	t/F	P
Gender
	Male	21 (12.4)	0.7±0.15	0.84	0.402	4.5±0.44	0.06	0.950	3.5±0.56	−0.13	0.894
	Female	148 (87.6)	0.7±0.13			4.4±0.51			3.5±0.62
Education (degree)
	3 year nursing college^a	92 (54.7)	0.8±0.14	4.96	0.008 (a＞c)	4.5±0.41	2.62	0.076	3.5±0.57	0.12	0.884
	Bachelor^b	57 (33.9)	0.7±0.14			4.4±0.45			3.5±0.57
	Master/Doctotal^c	19 (11.4)	0.6±0.14			4.2±0.56			3.5±0.59
Duration of working as a nurse (months)
	≤12	33 (19.8)	0.7±0.14	1.48	0.231	4.5±0.45	0.18	0.839	3.6±0.63	1.49	0.218
	13-36	51 (30.3)	0.7±0.14			4.5±0.45			3.4±0.57
	37-60	21 (12.5)	0.8±0.13			4.5±0.31			3.5±0.58
	61≤	63 (37.4)	0.7±0.15			4.4±0.48			3.5±0.52
Duration of working as an ER (months)
	≤12	41 (24.3)	0.7±0.14	0.09	0.966	4.5±0.50	0.75	0.525	3.6±0.63	1.16	0.327
	13-36	63 (37.3)	0.7±0.14			4.5±0.39			3.4±0.56
	37-60	26 (15.4)	0.8±0.13			4.4±0.35			3.5±0.53
	61≤	37 (21.9)	0.7±0.14			4.4±0.53			3.5±0.55
Position
	General nurse	142 (84.0)	0.7±0.14	1.70	0.185	4.5±0.44	0.01	0.986	3.5±0.57	0.71	0.492
	Charfe nurse	19 (11.3)	0.7±0.14			4.4±0.48			3.6±0.48
	Head nurse	8 (4.7)	0.8±0.13			4.5±0.48			3.7±0.67
Work load
	Adequate^a	54 (32.0)	0.7±0.12	2.94	0.056	4.5±0.40	3.99	0.020	3.4±0.54	0.17	0.842
	Moderate^b	86 (50.9)	0.4±0.15			4.5±0.43		(a,b＞c)	3.5±0.55
	Overload^c	29 (17.1)	0.7±0.15			4.2±0.52			3.5±0.69
Hospital accreditation
	Yes	103 (60.9)	0.7±0.15	1.20	0.234	4.4±0.47	1.97	0.050	3.5±0.59	−1.46	0.145
	No	66 (39.1)	0.7±0.14			4.5±0.41			3.4±0.52
Infection control education
	Yes	141 (83.4)	0.7±0.14	0.13	0.896	4.4±0.46	−1.73	0.085	3.5±0.55	2.64	0.009
	No	28 (16.6)	0.7±0.16			4.6±0.39			3.2±0.60
Guideline of infection control
	Yes	146 (86.4)	0.7±0.14	1.70	0.186	4.4±0.46	0.21	0.813	3.5±0.57	1.99	0.140
	No	2 (1.2)	0.6±0.11			4.5±0.38			4.0±0.53
	Don’t know	21 (12.4)	0.7±0.13			4.5±0.38			3.3±0.54
Total score			13.7±2.71			106.7±10.74			83.5±13.62
Mean score			0.7±0.14			4.4±.45			3.5±0.57

^* N (%) mean the number and percent of nurses who answered each question and missing data are eliminated.

Table 2.

Knowledge of blood borne infection, awareness and compliance with blood borne infection control by blood borne infection related characteristics (N=169)

Variables	Categories	N (%)^*	Knowledge of blood borne infection			Awareness with blood borne infection control			Compliance with blood borne infection control
Variables	Categories	N (%)^*	M±SD	t/F	P	M±SD	t/F	P	M±SD	t/F	P
History of blood exposure for the last 6 months	Yes	75 (44.4)	0.7±0.16	−0.05	0.964	4.4±0.45	−0.98	0.331	3.3±0.57	−3.27	0.001
History of blood exposure for the last 6 months	No	94 (55.6)	0.7±0.13			4.5±0.45			3.6±0.54
Department of blood exposure accidents	Yes	147 (87.0)	0.7±0.14	1.52	0.221	4.4±0.46	0.45	0.641	3.5±0.56	1.05	0.352
	No	5 (3.0)	0.8±0.11			4.6±0.55			3.6±0.48
	Don’t know	12 (7.0)	0.7±0.16			4.5±0.31			3.3±0.50
	No response	5 (3.0)	-			-			-
Personal protective equipments	Yes	100 (59.2)	0.7±0.15	1.24	0.217	4.4±0.45	−0.53	0.599	3.5±0.57	3.69	＜0.001
Personal protective equipments	No	69 (40.8)	0.7±0.13			4.5±0.43			3.2±0.48
Check for blood borne infection with patient at time of prior nursing care	Yes	60 (35.5)	0.85±0.16	1.65	0.100	4.4±0.46	−0.34	0.734	3.7±0.54	3.92	＜0.001
	No	109 (64.5)	0.7±0.13			4.5±0.44			3.4±0.55

^* N (%) mean the number and percent of nurses who answered each question and missing data are eliminated.

Table 3.

Correlation among knowledge of blood borne infection, awareness and compliance with blood borne infection control (N=169)

	Knowledge of blood borne infection	Awareness with blood borne infection control
	r (P)	r (P)
Awareness with blood borne infection control	0.13 (0.102)
Compliance with blood borne infection control	0.14 (0.081)	0.25 (0.001)

Table 4.

Predictors of compliance with blood borne infection control among nurses in emergency room (N=169)

Variables	B	SE	β	t	P
Personal protective equipments	7.62	1.84	0.28	4.13	＜0.001
Awareness with blood borne infection	8.36	2.04	0.28	4.09	＜0.001
Check for blood borne infection with patient at time of prior nursing care	7.44	1.93	0.26	3.85	＜0.001
Infection control education	5.77	2.49	0.16	2.32	0.022
History of blood exposure for the last 6 months	−3.89	1.88	−0.14	−2.07	0.040

Model summary: F=13.05, P＜0.001, Adjusted R2=26.4, Dummy coded 1=have history of blood exposure for the last 6 months, take the infection control education, equipped personal protective equipments in emergency room, check for blood borne infection with patient at time of prior nursing care.

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