Immunogenicity and Protective Effectiveness of Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine: A Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study

Dong Hyun Kim; Young-Jin Hong; Hoon-Jai Lee; Bo-Yul Choi; Chang Hwi Kim; Jae Ock Park; Jin Han Kang; Byung Joon Choi; Jong Hyun Kim; Young Min Ahn; Young Ran Ju; Young Eui Jeong; Myung Guk Han

doi:10.14776/kjpid.2013.20.3.131

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Kim, Hong, Lee, Choi, Kim, Park, Kang, Choi, Kim, Ahn, Ju, Jeong, and Han: Immunogenicity and Protective Effectiveness of Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine: A Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study

Original Article

Korean Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases 2013; 20(3): 131-138.

Published online: 26 December 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14776/kjpid.2013.20.3.131

Immunogenicity and Protective Effectiveness of Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine: A Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study

Dong Hyun Kim, M.D., Young-Jin Hong, M.D., Hoon-Jai Lee, M.D.^*, Bo-Yul Choi, M.D.^†, Chang Hwi Kim, M.D.^‡, Jae Ock Park, M.D.^‡, Jin Han Kang, M.D.^∫, Byung Joon Choi, M.D.^∫, Jong Hyun Kim, M.D.^∫, Young Min Ahn, M.D.^∥, Young Ran Ju, Ph.D.^¶, Young Eui Jeong, Ph.D.^¶, Myung Guk Han, Ph.D.^¶

Department of Pediatrics, Inha University Shool of Medicine, Korea.

^*Department of Social Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Korea.

^†Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University Medical School, Korea.

^‡Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Korea.

^∫Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Korea.

^∥Department of Pediatrics, Eulji University School of Medicine, Korea.

^¶Division of Arbovirus, Center for Immunology and Pathology, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea.

Corresponding author (hongyjin@inha.ac.kr)

Received 2 May 2013 Revised 29 May 2013 Accepted 30 May 2013

Abstract

Purpose

This study aimed to study the antibody response of Japanese encephalitis vaccination in children using different kinds of vaccines (inactivated vaccine, live attenuated vaccine or interchanged) and evaluate the effectiveness of the vaccines to provide the basis of efficient immunization schedule of Japanese encephalitis.

Methods

Measurement of the neutralization antibody (NTAb) titers following Japanese encephalitis vaccination using different vaccines for 170 children, 2-6 year of age, who visited six university hospitals and are confirmed by immunization records.

Results

Among 170 children who were given primary immunization on Japanese encephalitis, 103 children were given inactivated vaccine, 64 children were given live attenuated vaccine and 3 children were given interchangeably. NTAb titers were more than 1:10 in all children of three groups. The geographic mean antibody titer was 322 in inactivated vaccine group and 266 in live attenuated vaccine group. However, there was no significant difference between two groups. In both groups, the NTAb titer showed the peak at 1-4 months after the third immunization and declined. The NTAb titers of three children who were given two kinds of vaccines alternately were 1:135, 1:632, and 1:2511, respectively.

Conclusion

According to the results of this study in children younger than 6 years old, there is no significant difference in effectiveness between inactivated and live attenuated vaccines. However, further studies for the changes of antibody titers for a longer period of time on larger population are required.

Keywords: Japanese Encephalitis, Vaccination, Effectiveness, Neutralizing Antibody

Figures and Tables

Table 1

Time Since Last Immunization Until Neutralizing Antibody Test

^*Stastical significance was checked by chi-square test.

Table 2

Neutralizing Antibody Responses in Children Immunized with Inactivated- or Live Attenuated Vaccines Following Primary Series

^*Statiscally no differences of between geometric mean antibody titers (P=0.353, t=0.931).

Table 3

Persistence of Neutralizing Antidodies Against Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine Following Booster Immunization

^*P=0.134 and F=1.805 by analysis of variance test.

^†P=0.007 and F=3.975 by analysis of variance test.

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