Evaluation of Timeliness of Palivizumab Immunoprophylaxis Based on the Epidemic Period of Respiratory Syncytial Virus: 22 Year Experience in a Single Center

Seung Yun Kim; K0 Eun Lee; Su Young Kang; Eun Hwa Choi; Hoan Jong Lee

doi:10.14776/piv.2015.22.3.172

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Kim, Lee, Kang, Choi, and Lee: Evaluation of Timeliness of Palivizumab Immunoprophylaxis Based on the Epidemic Period of Respiratory Syncytial Virus: 22 Year Experience in a Single Center

Original Article

Pediatr Infect Vaccine 2015;22(3):172-177.

Published online: 21 January 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14776/piv.2015.22.3.172

Evaluation of Timeliness of Palivizumab Immunoprophylaxis Based on the Epidemic Period of Respiratory Syncytial Virus: 22 Year Experience in a Single Center

Seung Yun Kim, K0 Eun Lee, Su Young Kang, Eun Hwa Choi, Hoan Jong Lee

Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea

Tel: 0212072-3624, Fax: 02)766-7283 E-mail: eunchoi@snu.ac.kr

Received 30 June 201528 August 2015 Accepted 9 September 2015

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

This study aimed to analyze the epidemic period of RSV infection and evaluate the appropriate time of palivizumab immunoprophylaxis. Methods: From January 1991 to July 2012, nasopharyngeal (NP) aspirates were obtained from patients who visited Seoul National University Children's Hospital for respiratory symptoms. NP samples were used to detect respiratory viruses. Among them, we analyzed the positive number and detection rate of RSV infection in two-week interval. The beginning of RSV season was defined when RSV positive number was more than 4 and RSV detection rate was over 10%. From January 2007 to March 2014, we analyzed the starting time of palivizumab immunoprophylaxis for the infants at high risk. Results: The RSV detection rate was 2,013/21,698 (9.69%) over 22 years. The median RSV season was from 2^nd-3^rd week of October to 1^st-2^nd week of February. The earliest starting week was the 3rd week of July in year 2001, and the latest end week was the 3^rd week of May in year 1990. Palivizumab immunoprophylaxis was initiated most frequently at the 3rd week of October (18.7%). However, the percentage of starting palivizumab on the 1st week of September has increased from 3.8% in the year 2007 to 14.1% in 2013. Conclusions: The year to year variability of RSV season exists. The starting time of palivizumab immunoprophylaxis should be adjusted based on the season of RSV epidemic.

Keywords: Respiratory syncytial virus, Epidemiology, RSV season, Palivizumab immunoprophylaxis

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Fig. 1.

The positive number and detection rate of respiratory syncytial virus infection, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, 1990-2003 (A), 2003-2011 (B).

Fig. 2.

RSV season at the Seoul National University Children's Hospital for 22 years from 1991 to 2012 (Each bar represents the beginning and the end of RSV epidemic each year).

Fig. 3.

The starting time of palivizumab immunoprophylaxis in Seoul National University Children's Hospital (∗Percentage indicates the proportion of the number of palivizumab initiation each year).

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