Educational Needs Analysis for Developing an Occupational Education Program for Nursing Students: Focusing on Nursing Students and Nursing Professionals

Young-Mi Jung

doi:10.7475/kjan.2018.30.2.136

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Jung: Educational Needs Analysis for Developing an Occupational Education Program for Nursing Students: Focusing on Nursing Students and Nursing Professionals

Original Article

Korean J Adult Nurs 2018;30(2):136-148.

Published online: 21 April 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2018.30.2.136

Educational Needs Analysis for Developing an Occupational Education Program for Nursing Students: Focusing on Nursing Students and Nursing Professionals

Young-Mi Jung

Department of Nursing, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, Korea

Corresponding author: Jung, Young-Mi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4836-4714 Department of Nursing, Daegu Haany University, 1 Hanuidae-ro, Gyeongsan 38610, Korea. Tel: +82-53-819-1878, Fax: +82-53-819-1885, E-mail: youngmi@dhu.ac.kr

Received 17 November 201729 December 2017 Accepted 25 March 2018

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

This study aimed to assess the educational needs that should be considered while developing an occupational education program for nursing students.

Methods

Participants included 200 nursing students and 40 nursing professionals. The data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN 24.0 and AMOS 24.0 program, using descriptive statistics, a paired t-test, Kendall's coefficient of concordance, and confirmatory factor analysis. The Borich's Needs Assessment Model, the Locus for Focus Model, and the Jo and Lee's Model also were used. Data were collected from May 1 to 30, 2017 using a structured self-report questionnaire.

Results

A significant difference was found in scores on ‘ important’ and ‘ present’ levels of occupational education needs for both nursing students and professionals, on all items of occupational education needs. Results relative to the Borich's model indicated that ‘ stress management in the nursing practice fields’ had the highest priority rating among both nursing students (5.65) and nursing professionals (6.40), and ‘ establishing my career roadmap’ (6.04) had the highest priority rating in the Jo and Lee's Model.

Conclusion

The present results are expected to be used as baseline data for the development of an occupational education program for nursing students.

Keywords: Education, Needs, Occupations, Nursing students

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Figure 1.

Occupational education needs for nursing students and nursing professionals using the Locus for Focus Model.

Table 1.

Occupational Education Needs between Nursing Students and Nursing Professionals using a Paired t-test

Education category S	Specific educational needs	Nursing students (n=200)				Nursing professionals (n=40)
		Important level	Present level	Difference	t (p)	Important level	Present level	Difference	t (p)
		M± SD	M± SD	M± SD	t (p)	M± SD	M± SD	M± SD	t (p)
A. Understanding the health care system	1. Change in the health care system	4.26±0.76	3.40±0.90	0.86±0.97(	12.44(＜.001)	4.25±0.77	3.28±0.93	0.98±1.16	5.29(＜.001)
A. Understanding the health care system	2. Understanding nursing	4.51±0.63	3.67±0.82	0.83±0.87(	13.53(＜.001)	4.65±0.58	3.65±0.94	1.00±1.03	6.09(＜.001)
B. Self-directed search and self-understandi ng	1. Understanding my personality types and traits	4.36±0.74	3.67±0.91	0.69±0.99(	9.76(＜.001)	4.38±0.70	3.33±0.99	1.05±1.21	5.45(＜.001)
	2. Identifying my aptitude and interests	4.45±0.73	3.71±0.97	0.74±1.10(	9.48(＜.001)	4.58±0.63	3.35±1.00	1.23±1.18	6.52(＜.001)
	3. Searching for career values	4.38±0.71	3.65±0.93	0.72±1.08(	9.39(＜.001)	4.40±0.59	3.18±0.98	1.23±1.09	7.05(＜.001)
	4. Evaluating career barriers or support	4.23±0.78	3.54±0.96	0.69±1.08(	8.98(＜.001)	4.08±0.79	3.13±0.99	0.95±1.17	5.11(＜.001)
C. Understanding career 11111	1. Roles and duties of clinical nurse	4.59±0.59	3.81±0.95	0.78±0.99(	11.13(＜.001)	4.60±0.74	3.95±1.08	0.65±1.09	3.74(＜.001)
	2. Roles and duties of nurse practitioner	4.41±0.70	3.43±0.99	0.97±1.14(	12.08(＜.001)	4.03±0.89	3.15±1.21	0.88±1.45	3.80(＜.001)
	3. Roles and duties of occupational health nurse	3.98±0.82	3.04±1.08	0.94±1.27(	10.43(＜.001)	3.50±0.75	2.55±1.06	0.95±1.10	5.42(＜.001)
	4. Roles and duties of research nurse	4.01±0.83	2.91±1.13	1.10±1.28(	12.12(＜.001)	3.65±0.83	2.48±1.01	1.18±1.21	6.10(＜.001)
	5. Roles and duties of health insurance review nurse	3.86±0.89	2.83±1.16	1.03±1.28(	11.31(＜.001)	3.50±0.75	2.45±0.98	1.05±1.23	5.35(＜.001)
	6. Roles and duties of community health nurse	4.06±0.84	3.17±1.04	0.88±1.07(	11.68(＜.001)	3.65±0.77	2.78±1.00	0.88±1.22	4.52(＜.001)
	7. Roles and duties of nursing officer	3.76±1.05	2.89±1.16	0.87±1.24(	9.91(＜.001)	3.15±0.80	2.28±0.93	0.88±1.13	4.86(＜.001)
	8. Roles and duties of school health teacher	3.91±0.95	3.22±1.08	0.69±1.11(	8.84(＜.001)	3.67±0.80	2.98±0.86	0.67±0.95	4.35(＜.001)
	9. Roles and duties of nursing educator	4.01±0.90	3.20±1.11	0.80±1.07(	10.60(＜.001)	3.60±0.77	2.80±1.01	0.80±1.04	4.85(＜.001)
	10. Preparing for overseas employment	3.94±0.90	2.95±1.14	0.99±1.23(	11.32(＜.001)	3.68±0.91	2.80±0.96	0.88±1.26	4.37(＜.001)
	11. Stress management in nursing practice fields	4.61±0.70	3.38±1.11	1.23±1.34(	12.97(＜.001)	4.58±0.78	3.18±1.15	1.40±1.39	6.36(＜.001)
	12. Nurses' care-related personality traits	4.64±0.60	3.89±0.91	0.75±1.02(	10.33(＜.001)	4.65±0.58	3.60±0.98	1.05±1.23	5.35(＜.001)
	13. Nursing core competency	4.59±0.62	3.85±.089	0.73±0.94(	10.96(＜.001)	4.65±0.62	3.63±0.95	1.03±1.14	5.67(＜.001)
	14. Nursing professionalism and nursing ethics	4.41±0.74	3.83±0.88	0.57±0.96(	8.39(＜.001)	4.65±0.66	3.58±1.08	1.08±1.07	6.34(＜.001)
D. Career decision-making and career planning	1. Establishing career goals and plans	4.39±0.71	3.60±0.90	0.79±1.02(	11.05(＜.001)	4.48±0.59	3.65±1.09	0.83±1.13	4.61(＜.001)
	2. Finding information related to career goals	4.38±0.75	3.48±0.95	0.91±1.03(	12.36(＜.001)	4.53±0.64	3.60±1.00	0.93±1.07	5.46(＜.001)
	3. Establishing my career roadmap	3.95±0.92	3.19±1.06	0.75±1.23(	8.68(＜.001)	4.53±0.64	3.48±1.15	1.05±1.19	5.54(＜.001)
E. Career preparation behavior	1. Networking mentor related to my career	4.33±0.75	3.36±0.99	0.97±1.19(	11.95(＜.001)	4.48±0.55	3.30±1.09	1.18±1.17	6.32(＜.001)
E. Career preparation behavior	2. Obtaining certification and developing foreign language competency for my career	4.30±0.78	3.42±1.02	0.88±1.20(	10.25(＜.001)	4.33±0.69	3.70±0.82	0.63±0.83	4.71(＜.001)
Total		4.25±0.45	3.40±0.70	0.85±0.74(	16.10(＜.001)	4.17±0.36	3.19±0.72	0.98±0.80	7.70(＜.001)

Table 2.

Occupational Education Needs between Nursing Students and Nursing Professionals using the Borich's Need Model and the Jo & Lee's Model

Education category	Specific educational needs	Nursing students (n=200)				Nursing professionals (n=40)
Education category	Specific educational needs	Borich's need	Priority	Jo & Lee's model	Priority	Borich's need	Priority
A. Understanding the health care system	1. Change in the health care system	3.63	11	3.63	12	4.14	13
A. Understanding the health care system	2. Understanding nursing	3.78	8	4.56	5	4.65	9
B. Self-directed search and self-understanding	1. Understanding my personality types and traits	2.98	22	3.08	15	4.59	10
	2. Identifying my aptitude and interests	3.24	19	3.96	6	5.60	2
	3. Searching for career values	3.16	20	3.31	14	5.39	3
	4. Evaluating career barriers or support	2.95	23	2.18	20	3.87	14
C. Understanding career	1. Roles and duties of clinical nure	3.62	12	3.66	11	2.99	21
	2. Roles and duties of nurse practitioner	4.30	3	2.39	18	3.52	17
	3. Roles and duties of occupational health nurse	3.74	10	1.63	23	3.32	18
	4. Roles and duties of research nurse	4.45	2	2.72	16	4.28	11
	5. Roles and duties of health insurance review nurse	4.01	5	2.35	19	3.67	16
	6. Roles and duties of community health nurse	3.60	13	1.75	21	3.19	20
	7. Roles and duties of nursing officer	3.32	17	0.82	25	2.75	23
	8. Roles and duties of school health teacher	2.75	24	1.63	22	2.44	25
	9. Roles and duties of nursing educator	3.25	18	1.44	24	2.88	22
	10. Preparing for overseas employment	3.96	6	2.66	17	3.21	19
	11. Stress management in nursing practice fields	5.65	1	5.47	2	6.40	1
	12. Nurses' care-related personality traits	3.52	14	3.56	13	4.88	6
	13. Nursing core competency	3.39	15	3.72	10	4.76	7
	14. Nursing professionalism and nursing ethics	2.59	25	3.81	9	4.99	5
D. Career decision-making and career planning	1. Establishing career goals and plans	3.38	16	3.92	7	3.69	15
	2. Finding information related to career goals	3.91	7	4.75	4	4.18	12
	3. Establishing my career roadmap	2.99	21	6.04	1	4.75	8
E. Career preparation behavior	1. Networking mentor related to my career	4.19	4	4.99	3	5.25	4
E. Career preparation behavior	2. Obtaining certification and developing foreign language competency for my career	3.77	9	3.91	8	2.70	24

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