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Abstract
Purpose
The purposeof this studywas to describe thedegreesof body image, self esteem andHealth Related Quality Of Life (HRQOL), and to identify factors related to these variables in patients with Crohn's disease.
Methods
A descriptive cross sectional survey design was used. The 148 participants were the patients with Crohn's disease, recruited conveniently from one metropolitan hospital located in Seoul, Korea. The collected data were analyzedwith SPSS/WIN program.
Results
Patients with severeillnessactivityreported significantly lower bodyimages than those of the others. Educationlevelsand working statesaffectedself-esteempositively, while thenumber of operations and illnessactivity affected self-esteemnegatively. Hospitalizationand illnessac-tivityaffected HRQOL negatively. Body image, self esteem, and HRQOLwerepositivelycorrelated to each other with statistical significance. Illnessactivity was acommonfactor to affect body image, self esteem, andHRQOL. Body image was an influential factor on HRQOL as well as illness activity in patients with Crohn's disease.
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Table 1.
Body Image, Self Esteem and Health related Quality of Life according to the Characteristics of the Subjects (N=148)
| Variables | Characteristics (M±SD) | Categories | n (%) | Body image | Self esteem | Health related quality of life | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M±SD | t or F (p) | M±SD | t or F (p) | M±SD | t or F (p) | ||||
| General characteristics | Gender | Male | 99 (66.9) | 63.1±12.4 | 0.12 | 31.2±5.1 | 0.66 | 159.5±32.7 | 0.62 |
| Female | 49 (33.1) | 62.9±10.9 | (.907) | 30.6±4.8 | (.513) | 155.8±37.1 | (.534) | ||
| Age (year) (30.3±8.1) | 20 ＜ | 3 (2.0) | 46.3±8.5 | 2.05 | 27.7±5.0 | 0.82 | 169.7±39.0 | 0.36 | |
| 20~29 | 80 (54.1) | 64.3±12.8 | (.090) | 31.3±5.1 | (.514) | 157.4±35.8 | (.838) | ||
| 30~39 | 45 (30.4) | 62.0±10.8 | 30.6±5.1 | 158.3±31.6 | |||||
| 40~49 | 15 (10.1) | 61.5±8.0 | 32.0±4.5 | 155.6±37.8 | |||||
| 50 ≥ | 5 (3.4) | 67.2±9.8 | 29.0±3.7 | 173.4±17.8 | |||||
| Education | High school ≤ | 51 (34.5) | 62.7±13.6 | -0.22 | 29.7±5.5 | -2.15 | 155.7±36.9 | -0.68 | |
| College ≥ | 97 (65.5) | 63.2±10.9 | (.829) | 31.6±4.5 | (.035) | 159.7±32.7 | (.500) | ||
| Marital status | Single | 100 (67.6) | 63.6±12.2 | 0.87 | 31.1±4.9 | 0.45 | 159.0±33.0 | 0.36 | |
| Married | 48 (32.4) | 61.8±11.1 | (.385) | 30.7±5.2 | (.655) | 156.8±36.8 | (.721) | ||
| Occupational status | Unemployed | 69 (46.6) | 61.5±12.6 | -1.45 | 29.9±5.3 | -2.37 | 152.8±34.4 | -1.83 | |
| Employed | 79 (53.4) | 64.3±11.1 | (.148) | 31.9±4.4 | (.019) | 163.1±33.4 | (.070) | ||
| Monthly income (10,000 won) | 149 ≤ | 85 (57.4) | 62.3±11.9 | -0.88 | 30.5±4.8 | -1.40 | 156.0±32.9 | -0.96 | |
| 150 ≥ | 63 (42.6) | 64.0±11.9 | (.382) | 31.6±5.1 | (.163) | 161.4±35.8 | (.340) | ||
| Illness related characteristics | Hospitalization | Inpatient | 33 (22.3) | 61.4±12.0 | -0.89 | 30.1±5.1 | -1.08 | 137.2±26.2 | -4.24 |
| Outpatient | 115 (77.7) | 63.5±11.9 | (.374) | 31.2±4.9 | (.282) | 164.3±33.9 | (＜.001) | ||
| Duration since diagnosis (year) (6.8±4.2) | 5 ＜ | 63 (42.6) | 64.0±11.6 | 0.41 | 30.7±4.7 | 0.12 | 158.2±32.8 | 0.41 | |
| 5~9 | 58 (39.2) | 62.3±12.9 | (.666) | 31.1±5.0 | (.888) | 156.0±35.2 | (.668) | ||
| 10 ≥ | 27 (18.2) | 62.2±10.6 | 31.2±5.5 | 163.3±35.7 | |||||
| Experience of operation | No | 52 (35.1) | 63.9±10.3 | 0.68 | 31.8±4.4 | 1.55 | 159.4±30.7 | 0.32 | |
| Yes | 96 (64.9) | 62.5±12.7 | (.498) | 30.5±5.2 | (.124) | 157.7±36.0 | (.753) | ||
| Number of operations (N=96) (2.1±1.3) | 1~2a | 67 (69.8) | 63.8±12.1 | 1.89 | 30.9±4.9 | 3.47 | 159.0±36.0 | 0.35 | |
| 3~4b | 21 (21.9) | 61.5±13.9 | (.157) | 30.9±5.2 | (.035) | 157.0±38.9 | (.706) | ||
| c 5 ≥ | 8 (8.3) | 54.9±12.6 | 26.0±6.3 | a,b＞c† | 147.8±30.8 | ||||
| Ostomy | No | 138 (93.2) | 63.1±11.9 | 0.14 | 30.9±5.0 | -0.22 | 158.1±33.9 | -0.22 | |
| Yes | 10 (6.8) | 62.5±12.3 | (.887) | 31.3±4.9 | (.830) | 160.6±39.3 | (.826) | ||
| Illness activity: CDAI (124.9±94.9) | 150 ＜ a | 104 (70.3) | 66.2±10.9 | 12.77 | 31.8±4.8 | 6.38 | 170.1±28.2 | 32.95 | |
| 150~219b | 17 (11.5) | 56.1±11.5 | (＜.001) | 30.1±5.0 | (.002) | 143.3±28.2 | (＜.001) | ||
| 220~449c | 27 (18.2) | 55.9±11.1 | a＞b, c† | 28.2±4.7 | a＞c† | 122.1±30.1 | a＞b＞c† | ||
Table 2.
Scores of Body Image, Self Esteem, and Health related Quality of Life (N=148)
| Variables | Total score | Range | Possible range |
|---|---|---|---|
| M±SD | |||
| Body image | 63.0±11.9 | 34~91 | 19~95 |
| Self esteem | 31.0±5.0 | 17~40 | 10~40 |
| Health related quality of life | 158.3±34.2 | 61~220 | 32~224 |
Table 3.
Correlations among Body Image, Self Esteem, and Health related Quality of Life (N=148)
| Variables | Body image | Self esteem | Health related quality of life |
|---|---|---|---|
| r (p) | r (p) | r (p) | |
| Body image | 1 | ||
| Self esteem | .65 | 1 | |
| (.001) ＜ | |||
| Health related | .59 | .47 | 1 |
| quality of life | (.001) ＜ | (.001) ＜ |
Table 4.
Factors Influencing on Body Image, Self Esteem, and Health related Quality of Life with Crohn's Disease (N=148)
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