Factors related to Quality of Life of Patients with Ulcerative Colitis

Yang-Sook Yoo; Miyoung Chung; Ok-Hee Cho

doi:10.7475/kjan.2014.26.2.129

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Yoo, Chung, and Cho: Factors related to Quality of Life of Patients with Ulcerative Colitis

Original Article

Korean J Adult Nurs 2014;26(2):129-138.

Published online: NaN April 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2014.26.2.129

Factors related to Quality of Life of Patients with Ulcerative Colitis

Yang-Sook Yoo¹, Miyoung Chung², Ok-Hee Cho²

^¹College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul

^²Department of Nursing, Sun Moon University, Asan

^³College of Nursing, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea

Corresponding author: Cho, Ok-Hee College of Nursing, Jeju National University,102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju 690-756, Korea. Tel: +82-64-754-3887, Fax: +82-64-702-2686, E-mail: ohcho@jejunu.ac.kr

Received 11 July 201319 March 2014 Accepted 26 March 2014

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify factors related to the quality of life of patients with ulcerative colitis.

Methods

A total 116 patients with ulcerative colitis were asked on general characteristics, illness-related characteristics, depression, and quality of life. The collected data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression.

Results

As for depression the 81.03% were normal, the 8.62% were mild depression, the 6.90% were moderated depression, and the 3.45% were severe. As for quality of life, the social functions was highest, followed by intestine-related symptoms, systemic symptoms, and emotional functions. Quality of life was positively correlated to subjective health status, age, and body mass index, and negatively to depression. Main factors affecting the quality of life included depression, subjective health status, physician's global assessment, age, days of loss in social life, and present abdominal pain.

Conclusion

Physical and psychosocial health problems related to ulcerative colitis affected the quality of life of the patients. Further research is warranted for developing educational programs and psychosocial strategies in order to efficiently handle the illness.

Keywords: Ulcerative colitis, Quality of life, Depression

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Table 1.

Differences in Quality of Life according to the General Characteristics of Subjects (N=116)

Characteristics	Categories	Total		Quality of life
Characteristics	Categories	n (%)	M±SD (range)	M±SD	t or F (p)
Age (year)	＜30	38 (32.8)	36.4±10.9	45.58±11.62^a	9.48 (＜.001)
	30~39	33 (28.4)	(18~68)	50.91±8.99^b	a＜b
	≥40	45 (38.8)		54.71±7.81^b	a＜b
Gender	Male	55 (47.4)		51.04±9.76	0.40 (.692)
Gender	Female	61 (52.6)		50.28±10.67	0.40 (.692)
Religion	Yes	62 (53.4)		50.82±10.16	-0.21 (.836)
Religion	No	54 (46.6)		50.43±10.36	-0.21 (.836)
Education	≤High school	31 (26.7)		48.90±11.04	0.20 (.842)
Education	≥College	85 (73.3)		51.27±9.88	0.20 (.842)
Economic status	Low	15 (12.9)		48.00±11.80	1.47 (.234)
	Middle	86 (74.2)		50.47±10.18
	High	15 (12.9)		54.27±8.11
Occupation	Yes	73 (62.9)		51.22±9.30	-0.80 (.427)
Occupation	No	43 (37.1)		49.65±11.64	-0.80 (.427)
Spouse	Yes	70 (60.3)		53.49±7.24	3.93 (＜.001)
Spouse	No	46 (39.7)		46.30±12.42	3.93 (＜.001)
BMI (kg/m²)	＜18.5	17 (14.7)	21.52±2.81	47.29±12.68^a	5.08 (.008)
	18.5~22.9	65 (56.0)	(15.9~28.4)	49.20±10.01^a	a＜b
	≥23	34 (29.3)	(15.9~28.4)	55.06±7.80^b	a＜b
Subjective health status (VAS)			6.12±1.95
Subjective health status (VAS)			(0~10)

BMI=body mass index; VAS=visual analogue scale; a, b=Duncan's multiple test.

Table 2.

Differences in Quality of Life according to the Disease-related Characteristics of Subjects (N=116)

Characteristics	Categories	Total	Quality of life
Characteristics	Categories	n (%)	M±SD	t or F (p)
Age at onset (year)	＜30	63 (54.3)	48.83±11.30	2.22 (.004)
	30~39	37 (31.9)	52.86±7.57
	≥40	16 (13.8)	52.63±10.19
Disease duration (year)	＜3	29 (25.0)	49.41±9.64	0.33 (.723)
	3~5	28 (24.1)	50.54±10.17
	＞5	59 (50.9)	51.29±10.60
Physician global assessment	＜2	95 (81.9)	52.29±9.67	3.95 (＜.001)
Physician global assessment	≥2	21 (18.1)	43.14±9.36	3.95 (＜.001)
Previous bowel surgery	Yes	86 (74.1)	50.15±10.70	-0.87 (.387)
Previous bowel surgery	No	30 (25.9)	52.03±8.66	-0.87 (.387)
Previous admission	Yes	81 (69.8)	50.35±11.25	0.55 (.584)
Previous admission	No	35 (30.2)	51.31±7.36	0.55 (.584)
Melena/tarry stool (last week)	Yes	48 (41.4)	47.19±9.97	-1.02 (.308)
Melena/tarry stool (last week)	No	68 (58.6)	53.07±9.73	-1.02 (.308)
Present abdomen pain	Yes	58 (50.0)	46.60±9.95	4.62 (＜.001)
Present abdomen pain	No	58 (50.0)	54.67±8.84	4.62 (＜.001)
Days of loss in social life (for the recent one year)	＜7	90 (77.6)	52.39±9.21	3.61 (＜.001)
Days of loss in social life (for the recent one year)	≥7	26 (22.4)	44.58±11.32	3.61 (＜.001)
Medication^† Steroids
Steroids	Yes	48 (41.4)	50.27±10.15	0.32 (.747)
Steroids	No	68 (58.6)	50.90±10.32	0.32 (.747)
Immunosuppresives	Yes	47 (40.5)	52.11±9.27	-1.28 (.202)
Immunosuppresives	No	69 (59.5)	49.64±10.75	-1.28 (.202)
5-aminosalicylic acid	Yes	35 (30.2)	53.86±8.08	-2.27 (.025)
5-aminosalicylic acid	No	81 (69.8)	49.25±10.75	-2.27 (.025)

^† Subjects may select more than one item.

Table 3.

Quality of Life and Depression of the Subjects (N=116)

Characteristics	Categories	n (%) or M±SD	Range
Quality of life	Total	5.06±1.02	1~7
	Emotion	4.77±1.35	1~7
	Symptom	4.91±1.09	1~7
	Behavior	5.21±1.03	1~7
	Social factors	5.50±1.50	1~7
Depression		9.03±7.83
	Normal	94 (81.03)	0~13
	Mild depression	10 (8.62)	14~19
	Moderate depression	8 (6.90)	20~28
	Severe depression	4 (3.45)	29~63

Table 4.

Correlations between the Quality of Life and the Related Variables (N=116)

Variables	Quality of life
Variables	r	p
Depression	-.61	＜.001
Subjective health status	.59	＜.001
Age (year)	.34	＜.001
BMI (kg/m²)	.25	.008

BMI=body mass index.

Table 5.

Factors Influencing Participants' Quality of Life (N=116)

Predictors	Standardized β	t (p)
Depression	-.44	-6.70
Depression	-.44	(＜.001)
Subjective health status	.26	3.81
Subjective health status	.26	(＜.001)
PGA	-.22	-3.44
(reference: ＜2 scores)		(＜.001)
Age	.19	3.15
Age	.19	(.002)
Days of loss in social life	-.11	-1.79
(reference: ＜7 days/yr)		(.077)
Present abdomen pain	-.12	-1.82
(reference: no)		(.073)
Adjusted R²=.63, F=33.37,
p＜.001

PGA=physician's global assessment.

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