A Program to Build Early School-Aged Child's Personal Hygiene Habits Based on Health Belief Model

Yunhee Shin; Eunji Kim; Hyoeun Shin; Jeahee Lee; Serin Jeong

doi:10.15384/kjhp.2018.18.1.51

Journal List > Korean J Health Promot > v.18(1) > 1089945

Go to TopGo to Top Go to BottomGo to Bottom

TOOLS

Shin, Kim, Shin, Lee, and Jeong: A Program to Build Early School-Aged Child's Personal Hygiene Habits Based on Health Belief Model

Original Article

Korean Journal of Health Promotion 2018; 18(1): 51-59.

Published online: 31 March 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15384/kjhp.2018.18.1.51

A Program to Build Early School-Aged Child's Personal Hygiene Habits Based on Health Belief Model

Yunhee Shin, Eunji Kim, Hyoeun Shin, Jeahee Lee, Serin Jeong

Department of Nursing, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea.

Corresponding author : Yunhee Shin, RN, PhD. Department of Nursing, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, 20 Ilsan-ro, Wonju 26426, Korea. Tel: +82-33-741-0387, Fax: +82-33-743-9490, yhshin@yonsei.ac.kr

Received 25 August 2017 Accepted 29 January 2018

Korean Society for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

(open-access, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/):

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Background

School age is a time when students form habits of healthy behavior that affect their lifetime health. However, most previous studies were conducted on hand washing and brushing teeth and no studies included bathing in personal hygiene. We aim to improve knowledge and performance about hand washing, brushing teeth, and bathing in school age children. The study was based on the health belief model and ways to establish proper personal hygiene habits.

Methods

A non-equivalent control group, pretest-posttest design was used in this study. The educational content included hand hygiene, oral hygiene and bath hygiene. After the pre and post evaluation of the control group, the experimental group received the education and pre and post evaluation over five weeks. Then, the education program was provided to the control group. This study was conducted over ten weeks from April to June 2017.

Results

Knowledge on personal hygiene habits (F=8.41, P=0.006) and performance of personal hygiene habits (F=29.09, P<0.001) were higher in the experimental group compared to the control group after controlling the covariates.

Conclusions

The results of this study show obvious difference between the experimental group and control group on knowledge and performance for personal hygiene habits. This result demonstrated that the program based on the health belief model was effective. It is necessary to develop other effective programs including hand washing, brushing teeth, and bathing to help students develop good personal hygiene habits.

Keywords: Child, Hygiene, Habits, Education

Figures and Tables

Figure 1

Conceptual framework of the program.

Table 1

Study design

Table 2

Summary of intervention program

Table 3

Homogeneity between the experimental and control group

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%).

^aCalculated by chi-square test (Fisher's exact test).

^bKnowledge for personal hygiene habit.

^cPerformance for personal hygiene habit.

^dCalculated by two-sample t-test.

Table 4

Comparisons between pre-post scores and two groups

Abbreviations: MD, mean difference; SE, standard error.

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation unless otherwise indicated.

^aCalculated by paired t-test.

^bCalculated by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with gender as a covariate.

^cCalculated by ANCOVA with gender and pre-score of performance for personal hygiene habit as covariates.

References

1. Jung JK. The knowledge, attitude and practice of handwashing and toothbrushing in elementary school students [dissertation]. Seoul: Hanyang University;2009. Korean.

2. Ryu Sh, Kwon HJ, Paek GA. Knowledge, attitude and practice of hand washing in elementary school students. J Korean Data Anal Soc. 2013; 15(5):2701–2715.

3. Ministry of Education. Making schools safe from infectious diseases: Comprehensive measures to prevent student infectious diseases [Internet]. Seoul: KyungHee Cyber University;2016. Accessed Jun 30, 2017. Available from: http://www.khcu.ac.kr/khcu_new/board/view.jsp?BRD_NO=734377±m=11152.

4. Kim YI, Choi MJ. The effect of handwashing education program on knowledge, attitude and practice of handwashing in late school-aged children. J Korean Soc Sch Health. 2010; 23(2):162–171.

5. Kim GR. Effects of hand washing education of primary school children [dissertation]. Seoul: Hanyang University;2009. Korean.

6. Korea centers for disease control and prevention (KCDC). A study on the development of handwashing promotion strategy and handwashing survey for preventing infectious diseases [Internet]. Seoul: KCDC;2013. Accessed Apr 8, 2016. Available from: http://cdc.go.kr/CDC/info/CdcKrInfo0201.jsp?menuIds=HOME001-MNU1154-MNU0005-MNU1889&cid=25531&pageNum=1.

7. Lee OH. The Effects of Individual Dental Health Education on Dental Health Behaviors and Dental Clearances among Elementary School Students [dissertation]. Jeonju: Chonbuk National University;2003. Korean.

8. Ma JK, Cho MJ. Effect of health behaviors on oral health in Korean adolescents. J Korean Acad Oral Health. 2016; 40(2):100–104.

9. Ministry of Health & Welfare. 2012 Korean national oral health survey [Internet]. Seoul: Policy Briefing;2012. Accessed Jun 30, 2017. Available from: http://www.korea.kr/archive/expDocView.do?docId=34034.

10. Yoo SI. Oral Health Education Effect on Primary School Children [dissertation]. Yong in: Dankook University;2012. Korean.

11. Lee ML. The Effect on Bath-Therapy for Health Promotion by Physiological Index and Health Behavior of User [dissertation]. Busan: Kosin University;2007. Korean.

12. Shin YH. Health Promotion. 3rd ed. Seoul: Gyechuk Munwhasa;2015. p. 91–95.

13. Kim YH, Son HM, Ahn MS, Oh JA, Lee YE. Health promotion throughout the life span. Seoul: Sumunsa;2013. p. 173.

14. Lee JY. Health Education. Seoul: Gyechuk Munwhasa;2016. p. 281.

15. Vivas AP, Gelaye B, Aboset N, Kumie A, Berhane Y, Williams MA. Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) of hygiene among school children in Angolela, Ethiopia. J Prev Med Hyg. 2010; 51(2):73–79.

16. Polit DF, Beck CT, Owen SV. Is the CVI an acceptable indicator of content validity? Appraisal and recommendations. Res Nurs Health. 2007; 30(4):459–467.

17. Son MH. Effects of oral health education program on the oral health knowledge, oral health behavior and oral hygiene status of elementary school students. J Korean Community Nurs. 2003; 14(1):24–35.

18. Choi EY, Kim MH, Bang AS. A study on the oral health knowledge and behavior of children in low grades of elementary school by school oral life. J Korean Acad Dent Hygiene. 2012; 14(2):133–139.

19. Choi EH, Jang IS, Choi JY. The effect of an educational hand washing program on knowledge, attitude and performance of hand washing in undergraduates. J Korean Soc Sch Health. 2014; 27(1):39–49.

20. Rosen L, Zucker D, Brody D, Engelhard D, Manor O. The effect of a handwashing intervention on preschool educator beliefs, attitudes, knowledge and self-efficacy. Health Educ Res. 2009; 24(4):686–698.

21. Lim HJ, Kim HJ, Ahn YS. The impact of health belief model in the middle and high school students on oral health behaviors. J Korean Acad Dent Hygiene. 2015; 15(1):111–118.

22. Min JW, Chang YS. An experience of personal hygiene education and hand-washing practices among adolescents in the Korea youth risk behavior web-based survey. JKSSCHE. 2014; 15:31–43.

23. Jang YJ, Lee MS, Na BJ, Kim KY, Bae SH, Kim CW, et al. A study on the knowledge, attitude and practice of handwashing of middle school students. Korean J Health Educ Promot. 2007; 24(4):1–22.

24. Seo JW, Kim HY. A study on personal hygiene education of primary school students: with elementary students in Yangjoo area. Korea J Tourism Hosp Res. 2009; 23(1):255–266.

25. Angelopoulou MV, Kavvadia K, Taoufik K, Oulis CJ. Comparative clinical study testing the effectiveness of school based oral health education using experiential learning or traditional lecturing in 10 year-old children. BMC Oral Health. 2015; 15:51.

26. Kim JS, Nam CH, Kang HY. A study on personal hygiene of primary school students. J Korean Soc Sch Health. 1996; 9(1):109–123.

TOOLS

Similar articles