Impacts of Menstrual Attitudes, Premenstrual Syndrome and Stress on Burnout among Clinical Nurses

Ji-Hye Hwang; Mi-Hae Sung

doi:10.4069/kjwhn.2016.22.4.233

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Hwang and Sung: Impacts of Menstrual Attitudes, Premenstrual Syndrome and Stress on Burnout among Clinical Nurses

Original Article

Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing 2016; 22(4): 233-240.

Published online: 27 December 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4069/kjwhn.2016.22.4.233

Impacts of Menstrual Attitudes, Premenstrual Syndrome and Stress on Burnout among Clinical Nurses

Ji-Hye Hwang¹, Mi-Hae Sung²

¹Ilsin Christian Hospital, Busan, Korea.

²Department of Nursing, Inje University College, Busan, Korea.

Corresponding author: Sung, Mi-Hae. Department of Nursing, Inje University College, 75 bokji-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan 47392, Korea. Tel: +82-51-890-6825, Fax: +82-51-896-9840, nursmh@inje.ac.kr

Received 10 August 2016 Revised 30 September 2016 Accepted 17 October 2016

(open-access):

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to investigate factors which effect clinical nurses' exhaustion.

Methods

This research was conducted targeting 140 clinical nurses. Data were collected from 18 September to 30 September 2015. Data were analyzed using the program SPSS/WIN 18.0. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Stepwise multiple regression analysis were used.

Results

Burnout was significantly different by age (F=7.99, p=.001), marital status (t=8.69, p=.004), department area (F=7.65, p<.001), frequency of night work in a month (F=7.65, p=<.001), and clinical career (F=3.68, p=.028). There was positive correlations between menstrual attitudes of participants and premenstrual syndrome (r=34, p<.001), menstrual attitudes and stress (r=.40, p<.001), and menstrual attitudes and burnout (r=.16, p=.031). There were positive correlations between premenstrual syndrome and stress (r=.46, p<.001), between premenstrual syndrome and burnout (r=.35, p<.001), and between stress and burnout (r=.36, p<.001). Factors influencing burnout were premenstrual syndrome (β=.335) and age (β=.216), with an explanatory power of 18.0%.

Conclusion

There is a need to develop and apply program for reducing clinical nurses' pre-menstrual syndrome. In addition, policies are needed to allow for menstruation leave, thereby making it legal.

Keywords: Nurse, Attitudes, Premenstrual syndrome, Stress, Burnout, Summary statement

Figures and Tables

Table 1

Differences in Burnout by General Characteristics of Subjects (N=131)

Variables	Categories	n (%) or M±SD	M±SD	t or F	p
Age (yr)	＜25^a	40 (30.5)	64.00±15.42	7.99	.001 (b>c)^†
	25~29^b	44 (33.6)	70.13±11.36
	≥30^c	47 (35.9)	58.87±13.40
		29.82±6.96
Marital status	Single	98 (74.8)	66.27±13.74	8.69	.004
Marital status	Married	33 (25.2)	58.12±13.71	8.69	.004
Education	Junior college	41 (31.3)	64.04±12.68	2.79	.065
	University	53 (40.5)	61.39±15.92
	Master degree	37 (28.2)	68.45±12.10
Department area	GW^a	72 (55.0)	63.62±12.42	7.65	＜.001 (c>a>d)^†
	ICU^b	18 (13.7)	64.66±14.80
	ER^c	26 (19.8)	72.50±12.86
	DR^d	15 (11.5)	52.20±15.08
Night duty (day/month)	≤5^a	23 (17.6)	60.39±13.82	4.94	.008 (b>c)^†
	6~7^b	81 (61.8)	67.16±14.14
	≥8^c	27 (20.6)	58.66±12.26
		6.31±1.75
Clinical career (yr)	＜3^a	38 (29.0)	63.47±14.63	3.68	.028 (b>c)^†
	3~6^b	45 (34.4)	68.51±12.98
	≥7^c	48 (36.6)	60.79±14.00
		6.57±6.12
Menarche age (yr)	≤12	35 (26.7)	63.08±15.84	1.27	.286
	13	35 (26.7)	68.08±12.23
	14	38 (29.0)	62.00±13.81
	≥15	23 (17.6)	63.73±14.37
		13.47±1.46
Menstrual regulation	Irregular	38 (29.0)	66.73±13.74	1.70	.194
Menstrual regulation	Regular	93 (71.0)	63.19±14.24	1.70	.194
Menstrual period (day)	≤4	39 (29.8)	63.48±15.29	0.78	.461
	5	50 (38.2)	66.14±12.56
	≥6	42 (32.0)	62.61±14.85
		5.19±1.31
Menstrual cycle	Abnormal cycle	46 (35.1)	63.52±13.78	0.17	.679
Menstrual cycle	Normal cycle	85 (64.9)	64.60±14.39	0.17	.679
Menstrual quantity	Small amount	20 (15.3)	61.60±14.20	1.15	.317
	Average amount	95 (72.5)	64.36±13.49
	Many amount	16 (12.2)	60.68±17.47
Menstrual pain	Yes	97 (74.0)	64.91±14.99	0.90	.343
Menstrual pain	No	34 (26.0)	62.23±11.32	0.90	.343
Analgesics taking	Yes	46 (35.1)	63.65±14.18	0.34	.708
	No	52 (39.7)	63.59±13.92
	As required	33 (25.2)	66.00±14.68

GW=general ward; ER=emergency room; ICU=intensive care unit; DR=delivery room; ^†Scheffé́ test.

Table 2

Levels of Menstrual Attitude, Premenstrual Syndrome, Stress and Burnout (N=131)

Variables	Min	Max	Range	M±SD
Menstrual attitude	34	108	21~147	72.53±14.03
Premenstrual syndrome	50	161	47~235	119.76±23.20
Stress	24	88	22~110	56.35±17.09
Burnout	31	91	22~110	64.22±14.13

Table 3

Relationships among Menstrual Attitudes, Premenstrual Syndrome, Stress and Burnout (N=131)

Variables	Menstrual attitude	Premenstrual syndrome	Stress
Variables	r (p)	r (p)	r (p)
Premenstrual syndrome	.34 (<.001)
Stress	.40 (<.001)	.46 (<.001)
Burnout	.16 (.031)	.36 (<.001)	.36 (<.001)

Table 4

Factors Influencing Burnout (N=131)

Variables	B	SE	β	t	p	Adj. R²
(Constant)	52.853	8.280		6.38	<.001
Premenstrual syndrome	0.204	0.049	.335	4.14	<.001	.134
Age	−0.439	0.164	−.216	−2.67	.009	.180
	F=14.06, p<.001

Summary Statement

▪ What is already known about this topic?

Burnout is significant problem for clinical nurses. Menstrual attitude and pre-menstrual syndromes can influence burnout for nurses. But there is paucity of studies on the effects of menstruation that impact clinical nurses ability to perform at the optimum.

▪ What this paper adds?

Menstrual attitude and pre-menstrual syndrome were related with stress and burnout for clinical nurses.

▪ Implications for practice, education and/or policy

Menstrual attitude and premenstrual syndrome should be thoroughly assessed with program development for reducing clinical nurses' premenstrual syndrome.

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