Effects of a Case Management Program on Self-efficacy, Depression and Anxiety in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Eun Sook Baek; Hye Ja Park

doi:10.4069/kjwhn.2013.19.2.88

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Baek and Park: Effects of a Case Management Program on Self-efficacy, Depression and Anxiety in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Original Article

Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing 2013; 19(2): 88-98.

Published online: 21 June 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4069/kjwhn.2013.19.2.88

Effects of a Case Management Program on Self-efficacy, Depression and Anxiety in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Eun Sook Baek¹, Hye Ja Park²

¹Bundang CHA General Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.

²College of Nursing, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea.

Corresponding author: Park, Hye Ja. College of Nursing, CHA University, 222 Yatap-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 463-836, Korea. Tel: +82-31-725-8317, Fax: +82-31-725-8329, clara@cha.ac.kr

Received 7 April 2013 Revised 5 June 2013 Accepted 7 June 2013

(open-access):

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

To examine the effects of a case management program on self-efficacy, depression and anxiety in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Methods

Thirty-seven patients who enrolled in a diabetes outpatient clinic were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (n=19) or a control group (n=18). The experimental group received a 2-week intervention composed of a series of one face-to-face interactive interview and five telephone interviews based on the National standards for diabetes self-management education and Bandura's self-efficacy resources of performance accomplishment, vicarious experience, verbal persuasion, and emotional arousal. The effects of the intervention were assessed by completion of a 9-item self-efficacy questionnaire, a 20-item depression questionnaire and a 20-item anxiety questionnaire prior to, and after the intervention. The statistical significances were examined using t-test.

Results

The change in self-efficacy was significantly greater in the experimental group than in the control group. Depression and anxiety changes in the experimental group were significantly greater compared to those in the control group.

Conclusion

The results of study suggest that a case management program improves self-efficacy, and decreases depression and anxiety in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Keywords: Case management, Self-efficacy, Depression, Anxiety, Gestational diabetes mellitus

Figures and Tables

Table 1

A Case Management Program for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Table 2

Homogeneity of the General and Clinical Characteristics

Table 3

Effects of Self-efficacy, Depression and Anxiety between Experimental and Control Groups

Notes

This article is a addition and a revision based on the first author's master thesis from CHA University.

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