Effects of Body Weight Control Behaviors on Bone Mineral Density in Korean Young Adult Women

Chae Weon Chung; Suk Jeong Lee

doi:10.4069/kjwhn.2013.19.1.57

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Chung and Lee: Effects of Body Weight Control Behaviors on Bone Mineral Density in Korean Young Adult Women

Original Article

Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing

Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing 2013; 19(1): 57-65.

Published online: 25 March 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4069/kjwhn.2013.19.1.57

Effects of Body Weight Control Behaviors on Bone Mineral Density in Korean Young Adult Women

Chae Weon Chung¹, Suk Jeong Lee²

¹College of Nursing, Research Institute of Nursing Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.

²Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea.

Corresponding author: Lee, Suk Jeong. Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, 98 Saemunan-gil, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-102, Korea. Tel: +82-11-9929-5545, Fax: +82-2-3700-3400, lsj1109@cau.ac.kr

Received 30 August 2012 Revised 19 December 2012 Accepted 7 January 2013

(open-access):

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

This study identified the effects of body weight control behaviors on bone mineral density (BMD) in Korean women aged 20 to 39 years.

Methods

A secondary analysis of the 5th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was conducted. Asian-Pacific criteria of BMI (Body Mass Index) and BMD were calculated for 1,026 women selected. The effects of body weight control behaviors were assessed using binary multiple logistic regression analysis while controlling for BMI.

Results

Osteopenia and osteoporosis rates were 32.8% and 2.0%, respectively. About 69% of women performed weight control behaviors, and a combination of diet/exercise (22.7%) and drug added methods (10.9%) for weight control. Women who performed both diet control and exercise had a lower possibility to have abnormal BMD than those who did not try weight control (OR=0.67, CI=0.45~0.98, p=.039). Further weight control behaviors did not influence abnormal BMD.

Conclusion

Body weight control should include proper diet and exercise in accordance with each woman's BMI level.

Keywords: Health behavior, Body weight, Bone mineral density, Osteoporosis, Women

Figures and Tables

Figure 1

Sampling of the study.

Table 1

General · Physical Characteristics and Body Weight Control Behaviors (N=1,026)

^†Missing case excluded; ^‡Multiple responses.

Table 2

Bone Mineral Density by General · Physical Characteristics and Body Weight Control Behaviors (N=1,026)

Table 3

Differences in Diet Consumption, Vitamin D and Physical Activity according to Bone Mineral Density (N=1,026)

Table 4

The Effects of Body Weight Control Behaviors on Bone Mineral Density (N=1,026)

BMI=body mass index, Wt=weight, OR=odd's ratio; CI=confidence interval.

Summary Statement

▪ What is already known about this topic?

Strong preference for a thin body fit and attempts to reduce body weight are associated with bone mineral density especially in young women.

▪ What this paper adds

From an analysis of representative national dataset of KNHANES V, the study depicted the most recent status of Korean young adult women with obesity and abnormal bone mineral density rates as well as prevailed weight control behaviors.

▪ Implications for education, practice and/or policy

Awareness of bone health and its long-term effects on women's health should be advocated through public education. Maintaining proper body weight is necessary to secure bone health of women in reproductive ages, and exercise and proper diet should be accompanied for that. Advisable weight control methods by BMI groups need to be recommended and prescribed in health practice fields.

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