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Kim and Ko: Evaluation of Korean Version of the Beliefs about Papanicolau Test and Cervical Cancer in Unmarried University Students
Original Article
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing

Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing 2013; 19(1): 13-22.

Published online: 25 March 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4069/kjwhn.2013.19.1.13

Evaluation of Korean Version of the Beliefs about Papanicolau Test and Cervical Cancer in Unmarried University Students

Hae Won Kim1, Ga Yeon Ko2

1College of Nursing, The Research Institute of Nursing Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.

2Department of Nursing, Gangneung Yeongdong College, Gangneung, Korea.

Corresponding author: Ko, Ga Yeon. Department of Nursing, Gangneung Yeongdong College, 357 Gongje-ro, Gangneung 210-792, Korea. Tel: +82-33-610-0451, Fax: +82-33-610-0198, 970731@hanmail.net

Received 12 September 2012       Revised 7 November 2012       Accepted 8 November 2012

© 2013 Korean Society of Women Health Nursing

(open-access):

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

This study was conducted to evaluate Korean version of the beliefs about Papanicolau (Pap) test and cervical cancer [CPC-28] in unmarried university students.

Methods

The Korean version of CPC-28 (K-CPC-28) was developed through forward-backward translation techniques. A reliability, confirmatory factor analysis and correlations coefficients were evaluated. Data were collected from 303 unmarried female students attending university using a questionnaire that included28 items of CPC, 5 items of susceptibility of cervicalcancer and 8 items of HPV knowledge.

Results

K-CPC-28 had reliable internal consistency with Cronbach's α=.74 of six subscales ranged from .66 to .80. Factor loadings of the 28 items of subscales ranged from .31 to .86. Six factors in this study explained 55% of the total variance. In convergent validity of the K-CPC-28, the subscales of K-CPC-28 were significantly correlated with susceptibility scale of cervical cancer and HPV knowledge scale.

Conclusion

K-CPC-28has satisfactory construct validity and reliability. It seems to be an acceptable tool to assess the attitudes toward cervical cancer prevention and Pap smear in unmarried women. This tool would be also applicable to screen the risk group in cervical cancer prevention and to identify its association with actual Pap test or cervical cancer prevention behaviors.

Keywords: Cervix cancer, Papanicolaou smear, Health promotion, Health belief model, Psychometrics

Figures and Tables

Table 1
General Characteristics of Subjects (N=303)
kjwhn-19-13-i001

Pap test=papanicolau test; HPV=human papillomavirus.

Table 2
Results of Factor Analysis and Descriptive Statistics
kjwhn-19-13-i002

Pap test=papanicolau test.

†Recoded for summation.

Table 3
Correlations among Six Factors, Susceptibility to Cervix Cancer and HPV Knowledge
kjwhn-19-13-i003

Factor 1=need to have a Pap test; Factor 2=perceptions of cervix cancer (susceptibility and severity); Factor 3=cues to action to have a Pap test from family and neighbor; Factor 4=barriers to have a Pap test; Factor 5=awareness of Pap test; Factor 6=cues to action to have a Pap test from health professionals; HPV=human papillomavirus.

Table 4
Results of Reliabilities
kjwhn-19-13-i004

Pap test=Papanicolau test.

Notes

This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2012R1A1-A3015525).

Summary Statement

▪ What is already known about this topic?
There is an increase in importance of the cervical cancer prevention knowledge for unmarried women. Papanicolau smear rate of the Korean women is relatively low. Health belief concepts have been partially used to assess cervicalcancer prevention behavior.
▪ What this paper adds?
Korean version of the beliefs about Papanicolau test and cervical cancer showed reliability and validity based.
▪ Implications for practice, education and/or policy
This tool would be useful to assess attitudes toward early cervical cancer prevention behavior, especially for young unmarried women.

References

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