Effects of Self-breast Pumping in Primiparous Women after Cesarean Delivery

Jung Hee Yeo; Guil Nam Moon; Sun-Ok Lee

doi:10.4069/kjwhn.2012.18.2.98

Journal List > Korean J Women Health Nurs > v.18(2) > 1089437

Go to TopGo to Top Go to BottomGo to Bottom

TOOLS

Yeo, Moon, and Lee: Effects of Self-breast Pumping in Primiparous Women after Cesarean Delivery

Original Article

Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing

Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing 2012; 18(2): 98-107.

Published online: 30 June 2012

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4069/kjwhn.2012.18.2.98

Effects of Self-breast Pumping in Primiparous Women after Cesarean Delivery

Jung Hee Yeo¹, Guil Nam Moon², Sun-Ok Lee³

¹Department of Nursing, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea.

²Whamong Ilsin Christian Hospital, Busan, Korea.

³Department of Nursing, Silla University, Busan, Korea.

Corresponding author: Lee, Sun-Ok. Department of Nursing, Silla University, 140, 700 Bun-gil, Bakyangdae-ro, Sasang-gu, Busan 617-736, Korea. Tel: +82-51-999-5870, Fax: +82-51-999-5176, solee@silla.ac.kr

Received 9 February 2012 Revised 24 May 2012 Accepted 5 June 2012

(open-access):

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

This study was done to identify the effects of self-breast pumping on breastfeeding rates and, the degree of breast milk fullness among primiparous women giving birth by cesarean section.

Methods

The study design was a non-synchronized posttest control group experiment with repeated measures. The participants were 60 women, 31 in the experimental group who used a manual pump 5 times a day after exclusive breastfeeding and 29 in the control group who breastfed exclusively with no other interventions.

Results

While self-breast pumping did not improve breastfeeding rates or the degree of breast milk fullness at any of the time points studied, breastfeeding rates continued to remain high till 12 weeks postpartum in both groups. Conclusion: Although some modifications in research methods will be required to identify the effects of breast pumping and exclusive breastfeeding, both these approaches can be used as interventions to improve breastfeeding rates and breast milk quantity.

Keywords: Cesarean section, Breast feeding, Lactation

Figures and Tables

Figure 1

Research design.

Exp=experimental group; Cont=control group; X=self breast pumping; O₁=general and extraneous variables; O₂=frequency of breastfeeding per day; O₃=degree of breast milk fullness; O₄=degree of breast milk fullness and breastfeeding rates; O₅=breastfeeding rates.

Table 1

Homogeneity Test of General Characteristics and Extraneous Variables between Two Groups (N=60)

Exp=experimental group; Cont=control group.

^†Mann-Whitney test; ^‡Fisher's exact test.

Table 2

Comparisons of Breastfeeding Rates between Two Groups at Each Time Point (N=60)

Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group.

^†Fisher's exact test

Table 3

Differences between Experimental and Control Groups for Degree of Breast Milk Fullness

Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group; pp=postpartum.

^†Postpartum 4 wks - Postpartum 6 days; ^‡Postpartum 8 wks - Postpartum 6 days.

Summary Statement

▪ What is already known about this topic?

Breast pumping is commonly recommended to help establish the milk supply in mothers of preterm infants.

▪ What this paper adds?

Self-breast pumping and regular breastfeeding are effective for the improving breastfeeding rates and breast milk quantity for term infants.

▪ Implications for practice, education and/or policy?

Self-breast pumping and regular breastfeeding can be used as interventions for promoting breastfeeding rates. Encouraging 24-hour rooming-in, and prohibiting supplements are essential for implicating such interventions in the hospital.

References

1. Ahn SH, Kim JH, Cho JS. Effects of breast massage on breast pain, breast-milk sodium, and newborn suckling in early postpartum mothers. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing. 2011. 41:451–459. http://dx.doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2011.41.4.451.

2. Baek KS, Lee SY. A study on the breast-feeding experience of mothers. Qualitative Research. 2010. 11:69–79.

3. Becker GE, McCormick FM, Renfrew MJ. Methods of milk expression for lactating women (Review). Cochrane Database of Systematic Review. 2008. 8:CD006170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006170.pub2.

4. Chapman DJ, Young S, Ferris AM, Pérez-Escamilla R. Impact of breast pumping on lactogenesis stage II after cesarean delivery: A randomized clinical trial. Pediatrics. 2001. 107(6):E94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.107.6.e94.

5. Daly SE, Hartmann PE. Infant demand and milk supply. Part I: Infant demand and milk production in lactating women. Journal of Human Lactation. 1995. 11:21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089033449501100119.

6. Dennis CL. Breastfeeding initiation and duration: A 1990-2000 literature review. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing. 2002. 31:12–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.2002.tb00019.x.

7. Fewtrell M, Lucas P, Collier S, Lucas A. Randomized study comparing the efficacy of a novel manual breast pump with a mini-electric breast pump in mothers of term infants. Journal of Human Lactation. 2001. 17:126–131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089033440101700206.

8. Furman L, Minich N, Hack M. Correlates of lactation in mothers of very low birth weight infants. Pediatrics. 2002. 109:e57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.109.4.e57.

9. Hill PD, Aldag JC, Chatterton RT. Initiation and frequency of pumping and milk production in mothers of non-nursing preterm infants. Journal of Human Lactation. 2001. 17:9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089033440101700103.

10. Hong SM. Effect and obstacles of breast-feeding practices and continuance by breastfeeding clinic at local public health center. 2010. Seoul: Chung-Ang University;Unpublished master's thesis.

11. Hopkinson JM, Schanler RJ, Garza C. Milk production by mothers of premature infants. Pediatrics. 1988. 81:815–820.

12. Jang GJ, Kim SH. Effects of Breast-feeding Education and Support Services on Breast-feeding Rates and Infant's Growth. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing. 2010. 40:277–286. http://dx.doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2010.40.2.277.

13. Jeong GH. Effect of the nursing intervention program on promoting the breast-feeding practice in primipara. 1997. Seoul: Ewha Womans University;Unpublished master's thesis.

14. Kearney MH, Cronenwett LR, Barrett JA. Breast-feeding problems in the first week postpartum. Nursing Research. 1990. 39:90–95.

15. Kim HS. A guide for breast feeding. 2001. Seoul: Hyunmoonsa.

16. Kim YJ, Moon GN, Jung JH, Lee SO, Choi GS, Chun ES, Bae JY. Breast-feeding practice according the first week of postpartum. Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing. 1998. 4:416–428.

17. Kim SK, Kim YK, Cho EJ, Kim HR, Im SE. The 2009 national survey on fertility, family health and welfare in Korea. 2009. Seoul: Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs.

18. Kools EJ, Thijs C, Kester AD, Brandt PA, Vries H. A breast-feeding promotion and support program a randomized trial in the Netherlands. Preventive Medicine. 2005. 40:60–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.05.013.

19. Lee ES, Suh YS. Effects of breastfeeding education program on the promotion of mother's feeding compliance. Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing. 1996. 2:59–75.

20. Lee HW. A study of the effect of breast care on the breast-feeding practice in various stage of lactatio. 1999. Seoul: Yonsei University;Unpublished master's thesis.

21. Lee JY, Park SW, Park JH. A survey on breastfeeding practices and its related factors in Pohang City. Journal of the Korean Society of Maternal and Child Health. 2002. 6:149–167.

22. Mitoulas LR, Lai CT, Gurrin LC, Larsson M, Hartmann PE. Efficacy of breast milk expression using an electric breast pump. Journal of Human Lactation. 2002. 18:344–352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089033402237907.

23. Pérez-Escamilla R, Maulén-Radovan I, Dewey KG. The association between cesarean delivery and breast-feeding outcomes among Mexican women. American Journal of Public Health. 1996. 86:832–836.

24. Ramsay DT, Kent JC, Owens RA, Hartmann PE. Ultrasound imaging of milk ejection in the breast of lactating women. Pediatrics. 2004. 113:361–367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.113.2.361.

25. Shawky S, Abalkhail BA. Maternal factors associated with the duration of breast feeding in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology. 2003. 17:91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3016.2003.00468.x.

26. Thulier D, Mercer J. Variables associated with breastfeeding duration. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing. 2009. 38:259–268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.2009.01021.x.

27. Walker M. Conquering common breast-feeding problems. Journal of Perinatal and Neonatal Nursing. 2008. 22:267–274. http://dx.doi:10.1097/01.JPN.0000341356.45446.23.

TOOLS

Similar articles