Bone Mineral Density and Factors influencing Bone Mineral Density in College Women

Mi-Young Chon; Hye-Won Jeon; Myoung-Hee Kim

doi:10.4069/kjwhn.2012.18.3.190

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Chon, Jeon, and Kim: Bone Mineral Density and Factors influencing Bone Mineral Density in College Women

Original Article

Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing

Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing 2012; 18(3): 190-199.

Published online: 30 September 2012

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4069/kjwhn.2012.18.3.190

Bone Mineral Density and Factors influencing Bone Mineral Density in College Women

Mi-Young Chon¹, Hye-Won Jeon², Myoung-Hee Kim³

¹Department of Nursing, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea.

²Department of Nursing, Kkottongnae University, Cheongwon, Korea.

³Department of Nursing, Semyung University, Jecheon, Korea.

Corresponding author: Kim, Myoung-Hee. Department of Nursing, Semyung University, 65 Semyung-ro, Jecheon 390-711, Korea. Tel: +82-43-649-1352, Fax: +82-43-649-1785, mh1352@semyung.ac.kr

Received 10 July 2012 Revised 31 August 2012 Accepted 15 September 2012

(open-access):

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify the levels of bone mineral density (BMD) and to explain the factors influencing BMD among female college students in Korea.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted with 144 college women. Lifestyle factors were determined by self-report questionnaire. Body composition was measured by body composition analyzer and bone mineral density was measured by ultrasound bone densitometry. Data were analyzed using SPSS for windows, version 19.0.

Results

The mean BMD at calcaneus site was 0.56 g/cm² (mean T-score=-0.22). The incidence of osteopenia was 21.5%. Factors predicting BMD were menarche age (r=-.22, p=.009) and height (r=-.18, p=.030) with 7% of explained variance.

Conclusion

These results suggest that health care professionals need to provide young women with program that is intended to affect their intention toward osteoporosis preventive behavior change.

Keywords: Bone mineral density (BMD), Life style, Body composition, Young women

Figures and Tables

Table 1

Body Composition and BMD of Subjects (N=144)

BMI=body mass index; BMD=bone mineral density.

Table 2

Differences in Bone Mineral Density (BMD) according to Life Style Factor (N=144)

^†Unknown group was excepted from analysis; ^‡Over 5 times per month & over one bottle per consumption; ^§Mean of means; ^∥When you noticed BMD deficits, are you going to try on increasing BMD?

Table 3

Relationships among Menarch age, Exercise, Diet, Body Composition and BMD (N=144)

BMI=body mass index; BMD=bone mineral density.

Table 4

Predictors for Bone Mineral Density (N=144)

BMD=bone mineral density.

Notes

This paper was supported by the Semyung university research grant of 2012.

Summary Statement

▪ What is already known about this topic?

Life style and body composition have been implicated as factors related to bone mineral density (BMD), but the results to date have not been consistent.

▪ What this paper adds?

Menarche age and height negatively predicted bone mineral density among college women.

In spite of low bone mineral density, those who did not have any intention to improve their osteoporosis preventive behaviors have displayed low bone density and this group is most likely to be considered as a group that has a high risk towards osteoporosis.

▪ Implications for practice, education and policy

Health care professionals need to provide young women with programs that are intended to affect their intention toward osteoporosis preventive behavior.

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