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Hong, Ko, Yoon, Yoon, Park, and Roh: EC50 of Remifentanil to Prevent Propofol Injection Pain
Original Article

Journal of the Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology 2013; 13(3): 89-94.

Published online: 27 May 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17245/jkdsa.2013.13.3.89

EC50 of Remifentanil to Prevent Propofol Injection Pain

Hun Pyo Hong, Hyun min Ko, Ji Young Yoon, Ji Uk Yoon*, Kun Hyo Park†, Young Chea Roh†

Department of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.

*Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.

†Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.

Corresponding Author: Ji Young Yoon, Department of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Beomeo-ri, Mulgeu-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyung-sangnam-do 626-787, Korea. Tel: +82.55.360.5379, Fax: +82.51.242.7466, dryoonji@pusan.ac.kr

Received 12 September 2013       Revised 1 October 2013       Accepted 1 October 2013

Copyright © 2013 Journal of the Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology

(open-access, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Background

Various strategies have been studied to reduce the propofol injection pain. This study was designed to find out effect-site target concentration (Ce) of remifentanil at which there was a 50% probability of preventing the propofol injection pain (EC50).

Methods

Anesthesia was induced with a remifentanil TCI (Minto model). The Ce of remifentanil for the first patient started from 2.0 ng/ml. The Ce of remifentanil for each subsequent patient was determined by the response of the previous patient by Dixon up-and-down method with the interval of 0.5 ng/ml. After the remifentanil reached target concentrations, propofol was administered via a target-controlled infusion system based on a Marsh pharmacokinetic model using a TCI device (Orchestra®; Fresenius-Vial, Brezins, France). The dose of propofol was effect site target-controlled infusion (TCI) of 3 µg/ml.

Results

The EC50 of remifentanil to prevent the propofol injection pain was 1.80 ± 0.35 ng/ml by Dixon's up and down method.

Conclusions

The EC50 of remifentanil to blunt the pain responses to propofol injection was 1.80 ± 0.35 ng/ml for propofol TCI anesthesia.

Keywords: Injection, Pain, Propofol, Remifentanil

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